Obstetrics and Gynecology
KAVITHA NAGANDLA; Keeran Rajandram; Khaisro Ali Shah; Kathy Anne Rani A/P Arulraj; Lee Huang Ming; Joanne Wong Mei Jye
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 January 2024
Abstract
Background & Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions to healthcare systems worldwide, leading to changes in healthcare practices, including perinatal care delivery. As pregnant women are considered a vulnerable population, perinatal mental health has become a significant ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions to healthcare systems worldwide, leading to changes in healthcare practices, including perinatal care delivery. As pregnant women are considered a vulnerable population, perinatal mental health has become a significant concern during the pandemic. This systematic review aims to synthesise the current scientific evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health and its associated risk factors.
Materials & Methods: The review used a structured process based on JBI and PICOS strategy and searched three databases for studies published between July 2020 to December 2022 that measured specific mental health outcomes using validated measures. The PRISMA guideline was followed for the study selection process.
Results: Among the total 45 articles that have been included, the prevalence of depression and anxiety was found to be moderate to severe in pregnant and/or postpartum women during the pandemic, with a significantly higher level compared to prior to the pandemic. Additionally, pregnant and/or postpartum who tested positive for COVID-19 were more vulnerable to anxiety and depression. Furthermore, perinatal women with pre-existing mental illness showed further deterioration during the pandemic, and lastly, pregnant and/or postpartum women had higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-pregnant women.
Conclusions: This systematic review finds a significant increase in depression and anxiety among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, with risk factors such as unemployment and poor social support. Healthcare professionals should establish treatment plans to prevent adverse mental outcomes for this vulnerable population.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Rakhmanova Nodira Khodjayazovna; Thaiba Abdulrazzaq; Mazin A. A. Najm; Sadiq M. Al-shaikh; Khulood Majid Alsaraf; Mariam Alaa Toama; Mahmood Hasen Shuhata Alubiady; Shaymaa Abdulhameed Khudair
Volume 8, Issue 5 , September and October 2023, , Pages 520-527
Abstract
Background & Objective: One of the most prevalent musculoskeletal issues during pregnancy is pelvic pain, which most pregnant women may experience to varying degrees. The current research aims to identify and evaluate the risk factors contributing to pelvic pain in pregnant women.Materials & ...
Read More
Background & Objective: One of the most prevalent musculoskeletal issues during pregnancy is pelvic pain, which most pregnant women may experience to varying degrees. The current research aims to identify and evaluate the risk factors contributing to pelvic pain in pregnant women.Materials & Methods: The present case-control research was conducted on 180 pregnant women at Baghdad's Alwiyah Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2022. For data collection, two questionnaires and a checklist were utilized. The questionnaires included demographic information about women and questions about risk factors, and the checklist included the results of women's examinations to identify risk factors. Using SPSS.23 software, the data were analyzed, and the statistical significance level of the results was considered less than 0.05.Results: The results showed that from the demographic variables, only the age variable showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Also, evaluating the risk factors indicated a significant difference between the two groups for the baby's weight, back pain before pregnancy, and back pain in the previous pregnancy (P<0.001). Other demographic variables and risk factors did not significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results demonstrated that identifying the risk factors could aid in managing aggravating pelvic pain factors during pregnancy and preventing movement restrictions in postpartum women.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maral Hosseinzadeh; Ebtehaj Heshmatkhah; Dariush Abtahi
Volume 8, Issue 3 , May and June 2023, , Pages 285-294
Abstract
Background & Objective: Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal deaths. However, in many low and middle-income countries, information on the magnitude of and risk factors for PPH is scarce. Understanding the relative contributions of different risk factors for ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal deaths. However, in many low and middle-income countries, information on the magnitude of and risk factors for PPH is scarce. Understanding the relative contributions of different risk factors for PPH is important. We assessed the incidence of and risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage among women who had a cesarean section in Iran.Materials & Methods: Between March 2021 and March 2022, a prospective cohort study was conducted at a university-affiliated general hospital for women who had a cesarean section in Iran. We used Spearman’s correlation for the variables associated with PPH.Results: Among the 300 women, the overall incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 15.7%. Risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage among deliveries by cesarean section were: body-mass index, previous PPH, preoperative anemia, and preoperative hypofibrinogenemia.Conclusion: The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the cesarean section was high. Extra vigilance in all women with cesarean section could address the risk factors identified.
General surgery
Atefeh Moridi; Sudabeh Mahmoodi; Nayereh Rahmati; Marzieh Fathi; Zahra Naeiji
Volume 6, Issue 4 , August 2021, , Pages 188-194
Abstract
Background & Objective: Awareness of breast cancer risk factors, clinical presentations and screening rules and methods may encourage women to use preventive measures more commonly. Materials & Methods: A total of 691 women from general population were interviewed using a standardized ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Awareness of breast cancer risk factors, clinical presentations and screening rules and methods may encourage women to use preventive measures more commonly. Materials & Methods: A total of 691 women from general population were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Demographic data, level of awareness about risk factors, presentations and screening the breast cancer and their general perception about the treatment’s efficacy were evaluated.Results: Of the participants, 45.7% had “good” knowledge about the presentations of breast cancer while the level of awareness was “good” in 19.2% of them in field of risk factors (statistically significant difference). As only about 16% of them knew that women should perform breast self-examination once a month and about 15% of them were aware of the screening role of the annual clinician performed breast examination.Conclusion: Most of our participants had statistically significant lower level of knowledge about the risk factors and screening rules and tools of breast cancer than its clinical presentation.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Farah Farzaneh; Sama Mohammadi; Elnaz Ghaffari; Afsaneh Hosseini; Sarang Younesi; Mohammad Mahdi Taheri Amin; Payam Balvayeh; Fariba Navid Pour; Shahla Noori Ardebili
Volume 6, Issue 3 , June 2021, , Pages 122-127
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of death in women. Among the risk factors for cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important one.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of death in women. Among the risk factors for cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important one.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted from 2016 to 2020, 261 women with cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade two and three referred to one of the gynecological oncology clinics of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, who were eligible to enter the study and were evaluated by the research unit of the relevant university after receiving an ethics code. During the study, patients whose cervical cancer was confirmed by colposcopic diagnostic method, HPV screening was performed by COBAS method and lesions were sampled to determine the type of HPV.Results: Evaluation of the frequency distribution of colposcopic results compared to HPV, indicated that HPV-16 is the most common type of HPV in high grade CIN lesions. After HPV-16, other types of HPV are next in terms of frequency indicating the importance of other types of HPV. HPV-18 was also observed in people with CIN.Conclusion: Performing a similar study with a larger number of samples at the national level is suggested. If the results of a larger study are consistent with this study, it would be for the best to highlight the role of other types of HPV in cervical cancer screening in women.