Gynecology Oncology
farahnaz farzaneh; Shahla Mirgaloybayat; Abbas Ali Niazi; Marziyeh Ajdary; Javid Dehghan Haghighi; Neda Eslahi; Mohammad Raisi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 November 2023
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometrial hyperplasia is the primary precursor of endometrial cancer in the female reproductive system, with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) being the predominant manifestation of this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia ...
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Background & Objective: Endometrial hyperplasia is the primary precursor of endometrial cancer in the female reproductive system, with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) being the predominant manifestation of this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia and its correlation with various factors among patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study reviewed the hospital records of all patients with abnormal uterine bleeding admitted to Ali Ebn-e Abi Taleb Hospital in Zahedan from April 2015 to April 2018. Data were analyzed using the SPSS. Results: The prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia was estimated to be 20.3%. The average age of the study subjects was about 45 years. The highest number of patients (37, 52.9%) belonged to the age group of 36-50 years. Among the different types of endometrial hyperplasia observed, the most common was "simple non-atypical hyperplasia" found in 45 patients (64.3%), while the least common was "simple atypical hyperplasia" observed in three patients (4.3%). Overall, "non-atypical hyperplasia" (including both simple and complex types) was present in 58 patients (82.85%). The prevalence of infertility, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, premature menarche, late menopause, family history, oligomenorrhea, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was reported in 7.1%, 32.9%, 24.3%, 22.9%, 8.5%, 13.6%, 7.1%, 5.7%, and 3.4% of cases, respectively.Conclusion: women with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are at an increased risk of developing endometrial hyperplasia. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate these patients for the presence of endometrial hyperplasia.
General Gynecology and Pelvic Floor
Zainab Abdulrazzaq Hameed; Abdul Karim salem Mahood; Zainab Abbas Hassooni
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 30 January 2024
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of commonest ten cancers, and represents fourth most widespread malignancy in females, it mainly happen in postmenopausal women. Endometrial cancer creates from the endometrium and is classified, depend on the development mechanism, into kinds 1 and 2, which are responsive ...
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Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of commonest ten cancers, and represents fourth most widespread malignancy in females, it mainly happen in postmenopausal women. Endometrial cancer creates from the endometrium and is classified, depend on the development mechanism, into kinds 1 and 2, which are responsive and non-responsive to estrogen, respectively and have significantly diverse gene expression profiles. This study was carried out in Laboratories of the College of Science/ Department of Biology and in a local lab during the period between December 2021 to August 2022. The study of PCR was used to detection HOXA11 expression .We aimed to describe the histological changes of tumors malignant and benign and normal tissues of the endometrial and determine the relationships between HOXA11 expression with the histopathological variables involving, stage, grade, muscle and lymph nodes invasiveness and histological types. results shows the values of HOXA11 expression and a significant difference (P-value>0.001) between patients with endometrial cancer and control group, these results regarding the values means of HOXA11 expression a significant difference (P-value=0.021) between patients with benign tumor and the control and the values means of HOXA11 expression a significantly difference (P-value >0.001) between patients with endometrial cancer and benign tumor.
Gynecology Oncology
Fatemeh Sedaghat; zahra Shiravani; Ali Mohammad Karimi; Mohammad Reza Haghshenas; Abbas Ghaderi; Mohammad Javad Fattahi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 02 March 2024
Abstract
Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy in more developed countries. Multiple researches have been done about the role of IL-27 in different cancers that suggest a dual role for this cytokine. In the present study, we evaluated the serum level of IL-27 in endometrial ...
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Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy in more developed countries. Multiple researches have been done about the role of IL-27 in different cancers that suggest a dual role for this cytokine. In the present study, we evaluated the serum level of IL-27 in endometrial cancer patients. We also investigated the correlations between serum levels of IL-27 and the demographic and clinicopathologic features of the patients.
Material and Method: In this case-control study 65 endometrial cancer patients and 58 sex-age-match healthy controls were investigated. Serum levels of IL-27 in both cases and the control group were assessed by a reliable and specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and results were analyzed with SPSS.
Results: We observed that the serum level of IL-27 in EC patients was dramatically higher than in the control group (P=0.003). Additionally, Higher grades of EC (grade II and III) showed higher IL-27 serum levels compared to the control (P=0.006 and P=0.01 respectively). No significant correlations between serum levels of IL-27 and lymph node involvement, tumor stage, tumor size, and demographic features of the patients were detected.
Conclusion: Our results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between serum levels of IL-27 in EC patients and controls. Therefore, the serum level of IL-27 may exert a role in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma although further studies are needed.
Gynecology Oncology
Pegah Sasanpour; Marzieh Ghasemi; Maryam Nazemian; Narjes Noori; Hossein Ansari
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 150-153
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most prevalent type of genital system cancers. It is needed to assess discrimination power of CEA, CA 15-3, CA 125 tumor markers in endometrial cancer patients and moreover in cases with abnormal uterine bleeding. We examined tumor markers (CA 15-3, ...
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Background & Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most prevalent type of genital system cancers. It is needed to assess discrimination power of CEA, CA 15-3, CA 125 tumor markers in endometrial cancer patients and moreover in cases with abnormal uterine bleeding. We examined tumor markers (CA 15-3, CA 125, CEA) in differentiating endometrial cancer and unusual uterine bleeding.
Materials & Methods: The present case-control study was conducted on 60 women with endometrial cancer and evidence of abnormal uterine bleeding who referred to Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan in 2021. The sampling method was easy and accessible and was used to collect observation information, examination, and data form data. For data analysis, SPSS software version 26, statistical graphs and independent t-test were used.
Results: The difference in serum levels of CEA marker tumor in patients of case (endometrial cancer patients) and control (abnormal uterine bleeding patients) was statistically significant. Differences in serum levels of CA 15-3 tumor marker in patients between case group (endometrial cancer patients) and control (patients with abnormal uterine bleeding) and difference in serum levels of CA 125 tumor marker in patients between case (endometrial cancer patients) and control groups (bleeding patients) uterine abnormalities were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Serum level of CEA tumor marker has a statistically significant relationship with endometrial cancer patients and abnormal bleeding patients, but serum tumor marker level CA 15-3 and serum tumor marker CA 125 and with endometrial cancer patients and abnormal bleeding patients do not have.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Putri Aini Daulay; Sarah Dina; Soekimin Soekimin
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 235-239
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the 6th most common cancer in women worldwide. Rarely does occur in the postpartum period. Fifteen cases of endometrial cancer in the postpartum period have been reported before, but the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma as a cause of secondary postpartum hemorrhage is hardly predicted. ...
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Endometrial cancer is the 6th most common cancer in women worldwide. Rarely does occur in the postpartum period. Fifteen cases of endometrial cancer in the postpartum period have been reported before, but the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma as a cause of secondary postpartum hemorrhage is hardly predicted. A 37-year-old, Para 4, presented two weeks after a cesarean section and had recurrent vaginal bleeding. The patient was treated conservatively. While being observed, vaginal bleeding still occurred with more volume. We decided to perform a total abdominal hysterectomy. Histopathology confirmed a low-grade endometrioid carcinoma of the corpus uteri. Endometrial cancer might cause a secondary postpartum hemorrhage, with the hypothesis that the depth of tumor invasion into the uterine muscle causes a distorted tissue architecture and the formation of new blood vessels that easily disrupt. The most common type of endometrial cancer in a postpartum woman is low grade with a favorable prognosis.
Gynecology Oncology
Soheila Aminimoghaddam; Nima Azh; Somayyeh Noei Teymoordash; Firouzeh Ghaffari
Volume 7, Issue 5 , July and August 2022, , Pages 362-373
Abstract
Uterine cancer affects more than 1.28 million people worldwide; considering current world trends in obesity and aging, a +52.7% growth by 2040 is foreseen. Around 5% of endometrial cancer patients are less than 40 years old, meaning that conventional oncologic approaches would result in fertility loss; ...
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Uterine cancer affects more than 1.28 million people worldwide; considering current world trends in obesity and aging, a +52.7% growth by 2040 is foreseen. Around 5% of endometrial cancer patients are less than 40 years old, meaning that conventional oncologic approaches would result in fertility loss; thus, it is essential to consult patients regarding their fertility and family planning.Owing to developments of oncofertility, patients are now able to preserve their fertility and complete their childbearing, drafting from the standard of care in endometrial cancer. Strict criteria should be applied to make sure of selecting patients who benefit most from the fertility preservation approach. Furthermore, careful selection of patients increases the possibility of successful treatment.Most candidates for fertility preservation have risk factors in common with infertility, including polycystic ovarian syndrome, obesity, increasing of age and irregular menses; therefore, Advanced Reproductive Technology (ART) can improve their chances for pregnancy.Current applied knowledge towards the fertility preservation approach in patients with endometrial cancer is reviewed in this article.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Zinatossadat Bouzari; Tara Mohammadi; Mohammad Ranaei; Karimollah Hajian-Taliki; Azita Ghanbarpour
Volume 7, Issue 5 , July and August 2022, , Pages 414-421
Abstract
Background & Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is also defined as a metabolic disease associated with relative insulin resistance during pregnancy, and elevated circulating insulin may increase the risk of EH and EC development. This study aimed to investigate the association between ...
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Background & Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is also defined as a metabolic disease associated with relative insulin resistance during pregnancy, and elevated circulating insulin may increase the risk of EH and EC development. This study aimed to investigate the association between GDM and the incidence of EH and EC.Materials & Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study, including 300 women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) referred to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol. Cases (n=152) were patients with HC and EC based on medical records, and the controls (n=148) were individuals without HC and EC. The groups were compared according to demographic information, GDM or diabetes mellitus (DM) history, and body mass index (BMI). The Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression analyses were performed to compare groups.Results: Of 300 women studied, 72 people (24.1%) had a GDM history, and 64 people had a diabetes mellitus history. There was a significant difference between the incidence of EC and EH with GDM (P < /i>=0.001). Both GDM and DM were associated with the increased EC (OR: 17.98, 95% CI: 6.73-48.08, and OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.26-2.68, respectively). GDM was also associated with the increased risk of EH (OR: 6.68, 95% CI: 2.77-16.10), whereas diabetes mellitus had not a significant role in the increased risk of EH (P < /i>=0.14). Conclusion: This study indicated that a GDM history is significantly associated with HC and EC. Therefore, to prevent and control these two complications in the future, management and monitoring of diabetes during pregnancy should be considered.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Tahereh Ashrafganjoei; Atyeh Bahman; Somayyeh Noei Teymoordash; Soheila Aminimoghaddam; Abdolali Ebrahimi; Maryam Talayeh
Volume 6, Issue 3 , June 2021, , Pages 105-109
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract, which most often affects postmenopausal women. The ovaries may be active when a patient has endometrial cancer, so removing an ovary can worsen a patient's quality of life. On the other hand, ...
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Background & Objective: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract, which most often affects postmenopausal women. The ovaries may be active when a patient has endometrial cancer, so removing an ovary can worsen a patient's quality of life. On the other hand, a complete surgical staging in endometrial cancer includes oophorectomy since 1988. There has been some research to assess whether an oophorectomy should be performed and in which cases, ovaries can be preserved.Materials & Methods: Aim of this study was to evaluate the coexistence of ovarian involvement in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. In this study, we evaluated 180 patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer patients who were surgically staged at Imam Hossein Hospital between 2004 and 2017.Results: Mean age of subjects of the study was 56.78 ±10.59. Forty-six of patients (25.6 %) were less than 50 years old and 74.4 % (134) were older than 50. Twenty out of 180 (11.1 %) of them had ovarian involvement (one of them had simultaneous ovarian tumor) and 11 (55%) of these cases were less than 50 years old. In 55 % (11) patients, the involved ovaries were less than 5 cm with grossly normal appearance, lymph nodes metastases were detected in 3 out of 20 (15 %) of them although their ovarian size were 4, 4.5 and 6.5 cm. In 10 (50 %) of them, deep myometrial invasion was detected.Conclusion: In endometrial cancer staging, ovarian preservation could be a challenging decision and a real controversy which needs more researches.
Gynecology Oncology
Arvin Arian; Masume Giti; Azamosadat Moosavi; Setare Akhavan; Arash Azhideh; Mehran Arab-Ahmadi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2020, , Pages 19-23
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most frequent genitourinary tract malignancy in women. Women with endometrial cancer mostly refer at early stages of the disease which leads to good prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a crucial role in staging of the cancer. As there ...
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Background & Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most frequent genitourinary tract malignancy in women. Women with endometrial cancer mostly refer at early stages of the disease which leads to good prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a crucial role in staging of the cancer. As there are little studies regarding the correlation between histopathology and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging in Iranian women with endometrial cancer, we designed this study to assess the relationship between histopathology and FIGO staging with MRI in Iranian women with endometrial cancer.Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Imam Khomeini hospital complex between January 2015 and January 2018. All MRIs were performed on a 3T system. All imaging was done in Imam Hospital under observation of attending Radiologists with 10 and 20 years of work experience in women’s imaging who conducted this research. Obtained surgical specimens were assessed by an expert pathologist in the field of cancer and type of cancers were determined.Results: Thirty two women with proved endometrial cancer (D&C or endometrial biopsy) were enrolled. Mean age was 55.2±10.7 years and all women referred to our clinic with vaginal bleeding. The most common FIGO staging was IA (14, 43.75%) and the most frequent pathology was endometrioid type adenocarcinoma (30, 93.7%) (60% well differentiated, 13.3% moderately differentiated, and 26.6% poorly differentiated). Most cases with endometrioid type poorly differentiated referred with IIIC1 stage of cancer, most patients with endometrioid type well differentiated referred with stage IA, a patient with clear cell cancer referred with stage IIIB, and patients with sarcoma referred with stages IB, and IV.Conclusion: Patients with poor differentiated endometrial cancer referred with higher stages of the cancer.
Elham Shirali; Fariba Yarandi; Majid Safavi; Omid Hemmatian
Volume 1, Issue 1 , May and June 2016
Abstract
Introduction: Early diagnosis of endometrial cancer in younger female patients has good prognosis and better survival because of lower stage and lower grade. Endometrial cancer should be diagnosed early at lower stage because of signs and symptoms of patients. We report on a usual case of endometrial ...
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Introduction: Early diagnosis of endometrial cancer in younger female patients has good prognosis and better survival because of lower stage and lower grade. Endometrial cancer should be diagnosed early at lower stage because of signs and symptoms of patients. We report on a usual case of endometrial cancer that was miss diagnosed because she insisted on the protection of her hymen and virginity.
Case Presentation: We report a usual case of endometrial cancer that was miss-diagnosed because the patient insisted on the protection of her hymen and virginity. A 32-year-old virgin female did not permit a general gynecologist for endometrial biopsy or curettage, to protect her hymen and virginity; the patient had stage IV endometrial cancer.
Conclusions: In conclusion, patients with persistent signs and symptoms should be considered for endometrial cancer especially patients with high risk factors: nulliparity, late menopause, obesity, diabetes mellitus, unopposed estrogen therapy, tamoxifen therapy, atypical endometrial hyperplasia, Lynch II syndrome, etc. However, the most important issue for patients with persistent symptoms and risk factors for endometrial cancer in highly religious countries is obtaining a document for the gynecologist that endorses patient virginity.
