Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sahar Hassan; Nassrin Malik Aubead
Volume 8, Issue 3 , May and June 2023, , Pages 255-267
Abstract
Background & Objective: Congenital anomalies are a global issue and the primary reason of death in both developed and advanced countries. Congenital anomalies occur at varying rates in various populations. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence and pattern of ...
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Background & Objective: Congenital anomalies are a global issue and the primary reason of death in both developed and advanced countries. Congenital anomalies occur at varying rates in various populations. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies in newborns, as well as the associated maternal and environmental factors in newborns, presented at the Babylon teaching hospital for motherhood and pediatrics in AL-Hilla city, between 2017 and 2021.Materials & Methods: This study follows a descriptive design, and was based on population data from the statistic registry covering the AL-Hilla city, Iraq, 2017 to 2021. The registry covers live and still births. Also, maternal and neonatal information regarding sex, birth weight, parental consanguinity, and maternal age, were recorded.Results: There were 214 congenitally deformed newborns among the 46,777 births in AL-Hilla city. There were 109 males (50.69 percent) and 103 females (47.90 percent). The most common congenital malformations discovered were those relating to the neurological system, followed by those relating to the musculoskeletal system.Conclusion: Anomalies in the central nervous system were most apparent, however, this research can help to determine the approximate distribution of the prevalence of congenital anomalies in AL-Hilla city in Iraq. Also, by identifying their main types, information can be applied to improve the clinical performance and public policies of Iraq.
Gynecology Oncology
Hakimeh Akbari; Hossein Forouzandeh; Tooraj Reza Mirshekari; Seyed Adnan Kashfi; Mehdi Ghavamizadeh
Volume 7, Issue 6 , September and October 2022, , Pages 507-512
Abstract
Background & Objective: Breast cancer has a pivotal role in many deaths caused by malignancies. Epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (EGFR-2 or HER-2) and estrogen receptor (ER) have immense predictive values as prognostic factors. Breast cancers that have steroid receptors and respond to hormone ...
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Background & Objective: Breast cancer has a pivotal role in many deaths caused by malignancies. Epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (EGFR-2 or HER-2) and estrogen receptor (ER) have immense predictive values as prognostic factors. Breast cancers that have steroid receptors and respond to hormone therapy show a better prognosis than cancers without steroid receptors.Materials & Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 500 pathology blocks of women with breast cancer sent to the pathology department of Amir-al-Momenin medical and educational center, Gerash, Iran, from 2016 to 2019. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (Version-16) via ANOVA test followed by Chi-square and t-tests. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant.Results: The utmost type of malignancy was invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) at 35.03%. Among ER-positive patients 59.67% were HER-2-positive. Nonetheless, among the PR-positive patients 54.74% were HER-2-positive. ER-positive patients were correlated with p53 receptor, distant metastasis and HER-2 significantly (P < /i><0.01). However, PR-positive patients just correlated with p53 receptor significantly (P < /i><0.01).Conclusion: Investigated samples were more ER-negative and less PR-positive compared to similar studies. Meanwhile, ER-positive patients were HER-2-positive. Regarding the correlation with prognosis of breast cancer, especially in HER-2-positive patients, there is a need to perform profound screening programs for HER-2 in breast cancer patients, especially with histopathological characteristics of invasive ductal carcinoma.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mona Mohseni; Nasim Shokouhi; Elham Feizabad; Elham Khaghani
Volume 5, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 167-171
Abstract
Background & objective: Pregnancy is a known risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI) due to physiological and anatomical changes, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of UI in the third trimester of pregnancy and its related factors in ...
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Background & objective: Pregnancy is a known risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI) due to physiological and anatomical changes, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of UI in the third trimester of pregnancy and its related factors in pregnant women.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy, referred to the perinatal care clinic of Yas Hospital in 2016-2017. The sampling method was convenience sampling. Then, the prevalence of UI and its related factors were investigated in these participants.Results: The mean age of the subjects was 30±5 years old. Totally, 98 pregnant women (29.7%) had UI. The rate of urine leakage was mild at 26.4% and moderate or severe at 3.3%. The time of urine leakage in 6.4% of women with UI was before reaching the toilet, 1.2% was permanent, 19.4% was related to cough and sneezing, and 2.7% of women did not indicate a specific time. In evaluating the relationship between each of the variables and UI, three factors were identified to be completely related to UI, i.e., morbid obesity (P < /em>=0.038), gestational age between 32 to 37 weeks (P < /em>=0.012), and age ≥ 35 years old (P < /em>=0.009).Conclusion: It seems that one-third of pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy have UI, which is a multifactorial issue and therefore requires multidisciplinary programs to prevent it.
Sedigheh Abdollahpour; Talat Khadivzadeh
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September and October 2019, , Pages 86-92
Abstract
Background & Objective: Traumatic childbirth, followed by postpartum stress, imposes many psychological consequences on women and their families. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of traumatic childbirth and postpartum post-traumatic stress in Iran using a systematic ...
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Background & Objective: Traumatic childbirth, followed by postpartum stress, imposes many psychological consequences on women and their families. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of traumatic childbirth and postpartum post-traumatic stress in Iran using a systematic review.
Materials & Methods: In this review, ISI, PubMed, Scopus, SID, Iranmedex, IranDoc, Magiran, and Google Scholar databases were searched to find relevant studies, by looking for the following keywords, i.e., prevalence, traumatic childbirth, post-traumatic stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, delivery or birth, Iran, and their English equivalents, in Persian and English-language journals published from 1981 to November 2018. Data were analyzed by the meta-analysis method using a random-effects model and the studies’ heterogeneity was calculated by the I2 index.
Results: Of a total of 1420 studies, 8 descriptive studies carried out from 2010 to 2017 were finally included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among the 800 samples studied, the overall prevalence of traumatic childbirth was 51.3% and the overall prevalence of post-traumatic stress was 29.1% among the total of 2687 samples studied.
Conclusion: The prevalence of traumatic childbirth and post-traumatic stress is high in Iran; hence, it is necessary to carry out further studies to understand this important issue, so that more attention can be paid to mothers’ psychological problems to plan and make policies to maintain and improve their health in the postpartum period.
