Pathology
DIVYA SHETTY; RITIKA KHURANA; SUREKHA BHALEKAR
Volume 8, Issue 2 , January and February 2023, , Pages 181-183
Abstract
Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm. They are typically well-circumscribed lesions more commonly occurring in the vulvo-vaginal region of reproductive age females. It is curable by complete excision. They do not have a characteristic clinical and radiological feature. It is an ...
Read More
Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm. They are typically well-circumscribed lesions more commonly occurring in the vulvo-vaginal region of reproductive age females. It is curable by complete excision. They do not have a characteristic clinical and radiological feature. It is an exclusive histopathological diagnosis. However, many mesenchymal neoplasms are predominantly perineal in location, with similar clinical and morphological features and may be confused with angiomyofibroblastoma. We present a 40-year-old married female with 5.5 x 3.5 x 2cm left vulval mass, clinically considered to be a Bartholin’s cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suggestive of infected cystic lesion. Histologically it was an AMF. Histomorphological features are compared with other similar entities occurring in the vulva.
Pathology
Nahid Ghanbarzadeh; Ali Nadjfai-Semnani; Mohammad Mohammad Nadjafi-Semnani; Mahmoodreza Behravan; Majid Zare-Bidaki
Volume 8, Issue 2 , January and February 2023, , Pages 184-187
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato) is the main cause of cystic hydatid in human and livestock in the world and is considered a neglected tropical disease. Hydatid cysts often form in the liver (50–70%) and less frequently the lung, spleen, kidney, bone, brain and genital system. Ovarian hydatid ...
Read More
Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato) is the main cause of cystic hydatid in human and livestock in the world and is considered a neglected tropical disease. Hydatid cysts often form in the liver (50–70%) and less frequently the lung, spleen, kidney, bone, brain and genital system. Ovarian hydatid cyst is one of the rarest cases with nonspecific clinical presentation. Here in a case report study we report a primary unilateral ovarian hydatid cyst in a 45-years-old woman. This patient was presented with a large pelvic mass. A pelvic multiloculated mass in abdominal ultrasound and a solid-cystic lesion of the left adnexa in CT scan was reported. All other laboratory tests and chest X-ray showed typical results. Molecular method was performed to confirm radiography and staining methods. A cystic mass on the left fallopian tube and ovary was found in the patient's laparotomy and all were resected with the appearance of a tubo-ovarian abscess. Postoperative pathological and molecular diagnosis confirmed a hydatid cyst disease. Five years follow-up revealed no recurrence of the disease. Hydatid cyst can cause cystic masses anywhere in the all anatomic of body, especially in endemic locations.
Pathology
Tajossadat Allameh; Behnoosh Mohamadi
Volume 8, Issue 1 , November and December 2022, , Pages 76-80
Abstract
Signet ring stromal tumor is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm, of which only about 17 cases have been reported since 1996. The signet ring appearance of this tumor may mimic a Krukenberg tumor and result in a diagnostic challenge in some cases. The previous cases occurred in adult or in old patients. We ...
Read More
Signet ring stromal tumor is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm, of which only about 17 cases have been reported since 1996. The signet ring appearance of this tumor may mimic a Krukenberg tumor and result in a diagnostic challenge in some cases. The previous cases occurred in adult or in old patients. We have reporteda Signet ring stromal tumor in a 13-year-old girl.
Pathology
Amal Abd El hafez
Volume 8, Issue 1 , November and December 2022, , Pages 81-85
Abstract
Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) of the breast is extremely unusual. It probably constitutes 0.7% of extramedullary plasmacytomas, and 0.2% of all breast malignancies. Clinically and radiologically, PCM of the breast is indistinguishable from breast carcinoma or other primary breast disorders. Therefore, histomorphological ...
Read More
Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) of the breast is extremely unusual. It probably constitutes 0.7% of extramedullary plasmacytomas, and 0.2% of all breast malignancies. Clinically and radiologically, PCM of the breast is indistinguishable from breast carcinoma or other primary breast disorders. Therefore, histomorphological examination with immunohistochemistry are considered as gold standards for its diagnosis in tissue samples. We report a case of a 30-year-old female presented with a progressive huge ulcerating left breast mass, despite chemotherapy. She had a history of an initially misdiagnosed humeral lytic lesion, and recurrent lytic boney lesions for the past 7 years. Positive CD138, CD56 and Kappa immunostaining has confirmed PC differentiation and monoclonality of the tumor cells. Subsequently, PCM of breast was diagnosed and the patient was transferred for chemotherapy and follow-up.
Pathology
Amal Abd El hafez
Volume 7, Issue 1 , September and October 2021, , Pages 38-44
Abstract
Background & Objective: Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) are potentially malignant ovarian neoplasms with a well-known tendency for local spread and recurrence, years after prolonged follow-up. This study investigated the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of SMAD3 (mothers against decapentaplegic ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) are potentially malignant ovarian neoplasms with a well-known tendency for local spread and recurrence, years after prolonged follow-up. This study investigated the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of SMAD3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) in AGCTs to evaluate its association with a number of confirmed AGCT prognostic variables. Prognostic predictors of recurrence in AGCT were further defined.Methods: Upon database search, the clinicopathological data, slides, and paraffin blocks of 35 AGCTs were retrospectively retrieved from archives, then examined histopathologically, staged, and stained immunohistochemically using anti-SMAD3. After H scoring of SMAD3, the clinicopathological associations were investigated in positive- and negative-SMAD3 expression groups using appropriate statistical methods. Regression analysis was performed to define independent predictors of recurrence in AGCT.Results: SMAD3 was actively expressed in the nuclei of 51.4% of AGCTs. It was significantly associated with tumor recurrence, capsular rupture, and size (P < /em>=0.011, 0.018, and 0.028, respectively), but not with age, presentation, laterality, stage, tumor morphological pattern, or mitotic index. Capsular rupture and tumor size were defined as highly significant (P < /em>≤0.001), as well as SMAD3+ve expression and FIGO stage as significant independent predictors of recurrence (P < /em>=0.05 and 0.049, respectively) in AGCT.Conclusion: SMAD3 is actively expressed in the tumor cell nuclei of around one half of AGCTs and this expression associates with high propensity for tumor recurrence, capsular rupture, and increasing tumor size. Along with the other observed independent predictors of recurrence, SMAD3 may provide an outline for direct discovery of new risk-stratification criteria as well as therapeutic targets for AGCTs.
Pathology
Zahra Shahi; Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh; Babak kheirkhah
Volume 5, Issue 3 , November 2020, , Pages 110-114
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. HPV is a heterogeneous virus, and a persistent high-risk HPV infection contributes to cancer development. This study aims to determine the relative frequency of HPV genotypes in Kerman, Iran.Materials & ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. HPV is a heterogeneous virus, and a persistent high-risk HPV infection contributes to cancer development. This study aims to determine the relative frequency of HPV genotypes in Kerman, Iran.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 women with Pap smear samples, referring to a general laboratory in Kerman, Iran. Detecting two HPV genotypes was carried out using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The sociodemographic survey was conducted for each HPV-positive woman. Results: Out of 50 cervical cancer patients, 33 women (66%) were HPV 16, 18-positive. HPV 16 (38%) was the most rampant type, followed by HPV 18 (14%) and HPV 16, 18 (14%).Conclusion: Studying the prevalence of HPV genotypes and their respective risk factors can lead to efficient vaccine development against the virus in each geographical area. It can also be beneficial for illness management and high sensitivity diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
Pathology
Bahman Fouladi; Khadijeh Rezaei Keikhaie; Nesa Rajabpoor Nikoo; Salia Amini Poya; Solaiman Saravani; Jebraeil Farzi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2020, , Pages 11-18
Abstract
Background & Objective: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vaginal yeast infection in women. The present study aimed to determine the phenotype of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species in VVC cases.Materials & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 65 patients suspected ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vaginal yeast infection in women. The present study aimed to determine the phenotype of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species in VVC cases.Materials & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 65 patients suspected of VVC through a visit by a gynecologist. They were cultured on CHROMagar and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). If morphology of the colonies could be detected through microscopic inspection, physiological tests were used to identify individual yeast species.Results: Out 65 colonies, 53.8% had negative cultures. The frequency of positive cultures for Candida were also calculated (C. albicans = 38.5%, C. glabrata = 6.15%, and C. krusei = 1.53%). Most of culture-negative cases had no history of antibiotic therapy (94.3%) while most of culture-positive cases had a history of fluconazole therapy (56% in C. albicans isolates and 40% in non-C. albicans isolates). Relapse rate was calculated as 29.2%. Of studied patients, 80% had no underlying disease, 15.4% had a history of diabetes, and 4.6% had a history of corticosteroid therapy. Less than half negative-culture cases had an undergraduate degree (45.7%).Conclusion: The incidence of VVC depends on various factors including occupation, underlying disease and history of antibiotic therapy. The most common cause of VVC is C. glabrata, secondary to C. albicans. Relapse infection rates can be reduced by increasing knowledge on clinical data, underlying diseases, mechanism of the organism, cause of infection, and effective treatment.
