Waleed El-Khayat; Fatmafaisal Ibraheem; Amal Mohsen Ahmed; Ashraf Abdelrahman Ramadan; Sara E Khalifa; Mohammed Faisal Ebrahim
Volume 2, Issue 2 , May and June 2017
Abstract
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a very common gynecological problem, especially in perimenopausal women. Intracavitary lesions have been reported in more than 40% of the referred patients.
Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of 3-dimensional sonohysterography (3D-SHG) versus hysteroscopy ...
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Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a very common gynecological problem, especially in perimenopausal women. Intracavitary lesions have been reported in more than 40% of the referred patients.
Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of 3-dimensional sonohysterography (3D-SHG) versus hysteroscopy in the evaluation of uterine cavity in patients with perimenopausal bleeding and suspected intracavitary lesions, to evaluate the correlations between these findings and histopathological results, and to determine if 3D-SHG is superior or comparable to hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of these lesions.
Methods: A total of 50 women with perimenopausal bleeding and suspected intracavitary lesions, detected by either 2D transvaginal ultrasound or hysterosalpingography, were subjected to 3D saline-infusion sonohysterography (3D-SIS), office hysteroscopy, subsequent surgical procedures (i.e., fractional curettage, hysterectomy, polypectomy, or myomectomy), and finally histopathological examinations.
Results and Conclusions: Based on the findings, 3D-SIS is comparable to hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of intracavitary lesions in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy
Moukit Mounir; Kouach Jaouad; El Hassani Moulay El Mehdi; Ait Bouhou Rachid; Moussaoui Rahali Driss; Dehayni Mohammed
Volume 2, Issue 3 , September and October 2017
Abstract
Introduction: Giant fibroadenomas are an uncommon breast tumor accounting for 0.5% to 2% of all cases of fibroadenomas. Diagnosis is difficult due to the rarity of giant fibroadenomas and the resemblance of its clinical and imaging features with other breast neoplasms, especially phyllodes tumor.
Case ...
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Introduction: Giant fibroadenomas are an uncommon breast tumor accounting for 0.5% to 2% of all cases of fibroadenomas. Diagnosis is difficult due to the rarity of giant fibroadenomas and the resemblance of its clinical and imaging features with other breast neoplasms, especially phyllodes tumor.
Case Presentation: The authors report a rare case of giant fibroadenoma in a 14-year-old South Sudanese female, which was suspected clinically, ultrasonography, and by fine needle aspiration cytology and confirmed by histopathology after total mass excision.
Conclusions: Fibroadenomas presenting a very large diameter could be mistaken with malignancy and other benign breast lesions. Fine needle aspiration biopsy and core needle biopsy appears fundamental to evaluate their benign nature. Conservative surgery using sub-mammary incision is the gold standard of treatment with good cosmesis.
Azamsadat Mousavi; Mahshid Shooshtari; Setare Nassiri; Abas Ali Aipour; Setare Akhavan; Narges Zamani
Volume 2, Issue 4 , November and December 2017, , Pages 1-5
Abstract
Background: Currently, the prevalence of borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) is increasing, and given the higher diagnosis in the third and fourth decades of life, fertility sparing procedures are widely used. There are important consequences in females with borderline ovarian tumors and number of effective ...
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Background: Currently, the prevalence of borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) is increasing, and given the higher diagnosis in the third and fourth decades of life, fertility sparing procedures are widely used. There are important consequences in females with borderline ovarian tumors and number of effective factors on recurrence and fertility rate.
Methods: In this cohort study, the required information was collected from a file of 43 patients with final pathologic diagnosis of borderline ovarian tumor, who had undertaken fertility sparing surgery at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and recurrence rate, fertility rate, and the effect of different variables were studied.
Results: There were significant correlations between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) consumption, serous pathology, micro invasion in pathology, advanced stages, and recurrence rate of BOT, while this relationship was not found between parity, surgical methods (laparotomy and laparoscopy), surgical techniques (cystectomy and USO), papillary projection, and recurrence rate.
Conclusions: Although the recurrence rate was higher in the current research when compared to other previous studies, yet only in one patient, the pattern of recurrence was invasive epithelial carcinoma, thus in the current study the overall survival did not seem to change. The results of this study on fertility rate are comparable to other studies on this issue. Therefore, these methods are recommended for young patients and emphasis should be place on follow-up.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Mona Taghavipour; Tahereh Galini-Moghaddam; Seyed Jaber Mousavi
Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2021, , Pages 22-28
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Maternal serum levels of the first- and second-trimester markers for aneuploidy have been revealed to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the absence of neural tube defects or aneuploidy. This finding can guide clinicans for early diagnosis and management of such ...
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Background and Objectives: Maternal serum levels of the first- and second-trimester markers for aneuploidy have been revealed to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the absence of neural tube defects or aneuploidy. This finding can guide clinicans for early diagnosis and management of such outcomes. However, previous finding are conflicting in this regard. Therefore, this study evaluated the detection of adverse pregnancy outcomes by first- and second-trimester serum screening analytes.Methods & Materials: We prospectively recruited 972 females who underwent first and second-trimester aneuploidy screening. We gathered information on maternal demographic characteristics and serum biomarkers (free B-hCG and PAPP-A for the first-trimester; AFP, Β-hCG, Inhibin-A, and unconjugated estradiol for second-trimester). At the end of the study, adverse pregnancy outcome was recorded.Results: Abnormal screening results were reported in 34 (3.5%) patients. Two groups were significantly different in maternal age, BMI, and gestational period (P < /em>=0.017, 0.003 and 0.021, respectively). Among the measured adverse outcomes, preeclampsia was significantly more prevalent in the case group (P < /em><0.0001). Abnormal levels of Inhibin-A is associated with the incidence of preeclampsia (RR: 29.87, CI: 13.22-67.49, P < /em><0.0001). Additionally, patients with an abnormal level of Inhibin-A had a shorter gestational period (255.5 ± 24.53 vs. 264.79 ± 8.99, P < /em>=0.006). Likewise, patients with an abnormal level of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) had a shorter gestational period (252.0 ± 29.3 vs. 264.8 ± 8.93, P < /em>=0.001).Conclusion: First- and second-trimester maternal serum biomarkers could provide a possible screening tool for early detection of preeclampsia.
Afsaneh Amirabi; Nashmil Amjadipour; Leyla Dinparast
Volume 3, Issue 1 , March and April 2018, , Pages 23-28
Abstract
Aims: Morbidly adherent placenta/Placenta accreta syndrome refers to morbid implantation, invasion, and/or adhesion of a placenta, whose incidence rate has increased due to the growing trend of cesarean section. Diagnosing placenta accreta before delivery plays a crucial role in reducing morbidity and ...
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Aims: Morbidly adherent placenta/Placenta accreta syndrome refers to morbid implantation, invasion, and/or adhesion of a placenta, whose incidence rate has increased due to the growing trend of cesarean section. Diagnosing placenta accreta before delivery plays a crucial role in reducing morbidity and mortality of the mother and fetus. This study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic value of the Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta.
Instruments and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 150 singleton pregnant women with gestational age of ≥24 weeks with a history of uterine incision (C/S, myomectomy, or metroplasty), underwent a Doppler ultrasonography to detect the position of placenta and evidence for adherent placenta. The data were analyzed by SPPS 21 software.
Findings: Twelve patients underwent the cesarean-hysterectomy during their cesarean sections due to severe bleeding and morbidly adherent placenta. In terms of pathologic findings, placenta accreta, placenta increta, and placenta percreta were reported in 7 cases, 3 cases, and 1 case, respectively. The Doppler ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 91.67%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 99.28% in the diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta.
Conclusion: The thinning or absence of the retroplacental myometrial thickness and the large retroplacental lacunae are the most powerful ultrasonographic markers in the diagnosis of the placenta accreta such that the negativity of these markers can be interpreted as the absence of placenta accreta and the positivity of them can be interpreted as the presence of the placenta accreta.
Sedigheh Borna; Nasim Khorami; Azin Ghamari; Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh Vahdani
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 24-28
Abstract
Background & Objective: This prospective study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal and amniotic fluid (AF) lipid profiles in the second trimester with pregnancy outcomes.
Materials & Methods: One hundred-eighty singleton pregnant women, with a gestational age of 16-22 weeks, ...
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Background & Objective: This prospective study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal and amniotic fluid (AF) lipid profiles in the second trimester with pregnancy outcomes.
Materials & Methods: One hundred-eighty singleton pregnant women, with a gestational age of 16-22 weeks, were enrolled in this study. All women underwent amniocentesis, and 2 mL of AF was investigated for AF lipid profile. Furthermore, the serum maternal lipid profile was evaluated simultaneously. All participants were followed up until the delivery, and postnatal outcomes were recorded.
Results: Mean maternal age and body mass index (BMI) of all participants were 5.8±33 years and 25.6±2.8 kg/m2, respectively. Mean maternal estriol, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, as well as mean cholesterol and triglyceride levels of AF, were significantly different between term and preterm; intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and non-intrauterine growth retardation (non-IUGR); and low birth weight and normal weight neonates (P < /em><0.001). The AF cholesterol level was an independent predictor of term or preterm delivery, while the maternal estriol level was an independent predictor of IUGR or normal growth.
Conclusion: Maternal and amniotic fluid lipid profiles could be good indicatives of fetus growth.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Shahrzad Agha Amu; Fateme Silakhory; Setare Nassiri; Elham Saffarieh
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2020, , Pages 24-26
Abstract
Background & Objective: Spontaneous vulvar edema is not usual during pregnancy and can cause discomfort and anxiety for the patient. This is a serious situation that might be caused by some dangerous condition such as preeclampsia, diabetes vulvovaginitis, severe anemia, and neoplasms. The aim of ...
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Background & Objective: Spontaneous vulvar edema is not usual during pregnancy and can cause discomfort and anxiety for the patient. This is a serious situation that might be caused by some dangerous condition such as preeclampsia, diabetes vulvovaginitis, severe anemia, and neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate and manage the vulvar edema.Case Report: In this case report we introduce a 22-year-old woman which is primigravia and have massive vulvar edema after Bronchitis and influenza at 17 weeks’ gestation. After using oseltamivir, the patient showed progressive edema during 4 hours. Her symptoms were including edema and pain in labia, then she was treated with Dexamethazone and the edema disappeared after 5 days. Conclusion: Vulvar edema is a critical situation during pregnancy that needs attention and should be treated carefully since it can cause pain and discomfort for the pregnant woman. Our experience in this case was treatment by corticosteroid that had good response.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
mandana Mansour Ghanaie; Roxana Mansour Ghanaie; Seyed Mohammad Asgari Galebin; Seyedeh Hajar Sharami; Mojgan Mohebalizade
Volume 7, Issue 1 , September and October 2021, , Pages 25-31
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) enter the circulation in response to hypoxia, but it remains unknown how physiological delivery without fetal distress can change the NRBC level. Accordingly, in the present study, we compared the mean NRBCs per white blood cell (WBC) in the ...
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Background & Objective: Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) enter the circulation in response to hypoxia, but it remains unknown how physiological delivery without fetal distress can change the NRBC level. Accordingly, in the present study, we compared the mean NRBCs per white blood cell (WBC) in the umbilical cord of normal vaginal delivery (NVD) with cesarean section (C/S). To compare the mean NRBCs per WBC within umbilical cord in normal term newborns who were born by NVD with those delivered by C/S. Methods: This case-control study was conducted for 305 neonates in two different groups, i.e., NVD (case) and C/S (control) groups. The blood samples were taken from umbilical veins to evaluate fetal NRBCs and WBC count after recording their demographic characteristics. Finally, all data were assessed using SPSS 16.Results: The average age of mothers was 25.79±5.35 years. The average Apgar score of neonates was 8.23±0.6. The average NRBC count was 4.63±5.2. There was no significant difference in maternal age, parity, neonatal weight, and NRBC count per 100 WBCs between the two groups. Conclusion: In the present study, the mean NRBC count within the umbilical cord of neonates born by elective C/S was less than those delivered by NVD, although this difference was not significant.
Gynecology Oncology
Mahdis Mohamadianamiri; Hossein Shirazi; Majid Aklamli; Kobra Tahermanesh; Shahin Keshtkar Rajabi
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January and February 2023, , Pages 29-34
Abstract
Background & Objective: There are controversial results and paucity of data regarding the role of prolactin hormone in triple negative breast cancer. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the role of prolactin receptor as a predictive factor in patients with triple negative breast cancer.Materials ...
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Background & Objective: There are controversial results and paucity of data regarding the role of prolactin hormone in triple negative breast cancer. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the role of prolactin receptor as a predictive factor in patients with triple negative breast cancer.Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study. All patients referred to three referral hospitals with triple negative breast cancer (ER−, PR−, HER-2−), were assessed to be included in the study. Patients' slides and blocks were re-examined for prolactin receptor by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the association between the tumor size and grade was examined with prolactin receptor. Clinical characteristics and pathological features were recorded in researcher made questionnaire.Results: In total, 25 patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) entered the study. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of tumor size in prolactin negative and positive groups were 4.82 ± 5.05 and 3.37 ± 1.61 cm, respectively with no significant difference (P-value> 0.05). Also, there was no statistically significant association between the tumor grade and prolactin receptor status (P-value = 0.056). Moreover, there was no statistically significant association between lymph nodes involvement and prolactin receptor status using Fisher’s exact test (P-value = 0.9). However, mean ± SD of age in negative and positive prolactin groups were 45.73 ± 12.12 and 56.60 ± 9.84, respectively with a statistically significant difference (P-value = 0.026).Conclusion: We did not find any association between prolactin receptor status and tumor size or grade in TNBC. Nonetheless, there is still ambiguity regarding the role of prolactin receptor expression in development of breast cancer. The controversial results are probably due to different effects of prolactin receptor in various breast cancer subtypes, which should be assessed in further trials.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Katayoun Haryalchi; Mandana Mansour Ghanaei; Mohammad Rajabi; Maryam Ghazizadeh; Fakhroddin Aghajanpour; Pouya Koochakpoor; Mahmood Abedinzade
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January and February 2024, , Pages 29-35
Abstract
Background & Objective: Studies have shown contradictory results regarding the use of pregabalin and melatonin as analgesic agents. Because the analgesic effects of these drugs as preemptive have not been compared in abdominal hysterectomy, one of the most common surgical procedures in women ...
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Background & Objective: Studies have shown contradictory results regarding the use of pregabalin and melatonin as analgesic agents. Because the analgesic effects of these drugs as preemptive have not been compared in abdominal hysterectomy, one of the most common surgical procedures in women with moderate to severe pain, under general anesthesia. The aim of this study was to compare the pretreatment effects of melatonin and pregabalin on postoperative pain intensity in total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH).Materials & Methods: Ninety Patients were randomly divided into three groups (N=30): the first group received oral melatonin (6 mg), the second group received pregabalin (50 mg), and the third one who took no drug. Serum melatonin and beta-endorphin levels were measured before and after the surgery. Pain intensity was assessed by the Numerical Rating Scale at 1,6,12, and 24 hours after the surgeries.Results: At 12 hrs after the surgery, mean pain intensity in the melatonin group was significantly lower than the pregabalin group, and in the pregabalin group was significantly lower than the third group (P<0.05). At 24 hrs after the TAH, the mean pain intensity in the melatonin group was significantly lower than the third group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Injection preventive melatonin is more effective than pregabalin to reduce pain throughout the first 24 hrs after the TAH.
Hamideh Pakniat; Khadijeh Elmizadeh; Fatemeh Lalouha; Hojjat Momenzade; Kimia Mahloojian
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 November 2022
Abstract
Background & Objective: The importance of Pap smear in cervical cancer screening is clear. However, yet no organized program has been developed in Iran to screen cervical cancer. Due to the obvious difference in prevalence of cervical cancer in Iran compared to global statistics, it is necessary ...
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Background & Objective: The importance of Pap smear in cervical cancer screening is clear. However, yet no organized program has been developed in Iran to screen cervical cancer. Due to the obvious difference in prevalence of cervical cancer in Iran compared to global statistics, it is necessary to further investigate this issue. As pop smear is the most important factor to decrease the mortality and morbidity of cervical cancer in developed countries, it is important to study the results of abnormal Pap smears and the quality of the report in our region. Materials & Methods: This study was designed retrospectively with reference to the results of Pap smears performed during 3 years from 2016 in the Kosar hospital. The method of collecting samples was census. The results of Pap smears were extracted from the Hospital and 15208 pap smear results were analyzed.Results: From the 15208 women, 15150 had normal cytology results (99.62%) and 58 women had abnormal cytology (0.38%). The frequency of abnormal cytology was 0.246% (n=37) for atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 0.08% (n=12) for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 0.006% (n=1)for ASC cannot exclude high-grade intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), 0.046% (n=7) for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL), 0.006 (n=1)for atypical glandular cells (AGC), and 0% (n=0) for invasive cancer. No SCC was found in this study. Conclusion: The prevalence of all abnormal results was much lower than other studies; However, in terms of prevalence of abnormalities, the ranking was similar to other studies.In order to obtain more accurate results, it is recommended to study other epidemiological regions.
Gynecology Oncology
Sarmad Nourooz Zadeh; Sedigheh Ghasemian Dizajmehr; Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari; Hania Fattahi; Mohsen Ghasemian
Volume 5, Issue 2 , October 2020, , Pages 54-56
Abstract
Introduction: Leiomyomas are tumors of the soft tissues. The incidence of myomas within the perineum is absolutely rare and only a few reports have been made on the matter. We herein report a case of perineal myoma in a virgin woman, which was successfully excised.Case report: We present a 35-year-old ...
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Introduction: Leiomyomas are tumors of the soft tissues. The incidence of myomas within the perineum is absolutely rare and only a few reports have been made on the matter. We herein report a case of perineal myoma in a virgin woman, which was successfully excised.Case report: We present a 35-year-old virgin woman, with complaint referred to a mass in her perineum which had first exhibited signs 5 years prior to the time she referred to us and had increased in size in a steady manner ever since. The mass had caused no gynecologic, rectal, or urinary symptoms. Clinical examination revealed a painless, mobile mass (6cm*6cm) with [unknown consistency] in the right perineum with extension to the distal of the labium majus of the same side.Conclusion: Treatment of symptomatic leiomyomas relies on surgical excision of the mass. However, the surgical method of choice is a matter of debate in previous studies.
Maryam Mehrabadi; Forough Mortazavi; Mohammad Hassan Rakhshani
Volume 4, Issue 2 , May and June 2019, , Pages 69-74
Abstract
Background & Objective: Childbirth preparation classes are planned to make the delivery more pleasant and reduce the number of cesarean sections. This study aimed to examine the effect of attending childbirth preparation classes on prepartum and postpartum maternal mental well-being.
Materials & ...
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Background & Objective: Childbirth preparation classes are planned to make the delivery more pleasant and reduce the number of cesarean sections. This study aimed to examine the effect of attending childbirth preparation classes on prepartum and postpartum maternal mental well-being.
Materials & Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted in Sabzevar healthcare centers. 120 nulliparous women were selected in 2017, applying a convenience sampling method, and randomly divided into two equal groups, intervention and control. The intervention group (at 20 weeks to 38 weeks of gestation) participated in 8, 90-minute sessions of the childbirth preparation classes; however, the control group only received the routine prenatal care. Before and after the intervention and 14 days after the delivery, the maternal mental well-being questionnaire was completed by the mothers and then analyzed by the repeated-measures ANOVA.
Results: Results showed that the mean score of the intervention group’s maternal mental well-being index (73.7±1.8) was significantly higher than that of the control group (65.5±2.1) (P < /em><0.001). Moreover, the trend of changes in the scores of this index was different in the two groups and did not change in the intervention group from pretest to posttest and follow-up, while it decreased in the control group (P < /em><0.048).
Conclusion: Although maternal mental well-being reduces in the second half of pregnancy until after giving birth, attending childbirth preparation classes stabilizes prepartum and postpartum maternal mental well-being.
Babak Hosseinzadeh Zorofchi; Elahe Jahan; Setare Nassiri; Atosa Najmodin; Elham Saffarieh
Volume 3, Issue 2 , May and June 2018, , Pages 73-77
Abstract
Aims: Owing to the effects of anesthesia on pain after hysterectomy as well as different advantages and disadvantages of spinal anesthesia (SA) and general anesthesia (GA), giving priority to one of these techniques over the other still seems controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare ...
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Aims: Owing to the effects of anesthesia on pain after hysterectomy as well as different advantages and disadvantages of spinal anesthesia (SA) and general anesthesia (GA), giving priority to one of these techniques over the other still seems controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare SA with GA in terms of pain intensity, the frequency of nausea and vomiting and morphine requirements after abdominal hysterectomy.
Instruments and Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 40 abdominal hysterectomy candidates with American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II presenting to Kowsar Hospital, Semnan, Iran, in 2015. All the patients were briefed on the pain assessment scale the day before the surgery, randomly divided into two groups of GA and SA and underwent abdominal hysterectomy using the same technique. Postoperative pain was then recorded upon admission to post-anesthesia care unit and 6 and 12h later. Furthermore, frequency of nausea and vomiting as well as intravenous morphine requirements was recorded within the first 12h after the surgery. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and Chi-square by SPSS 16 software.
Findings: Postoperative pain was found to be significantly lower upon entering PACU and 6 and 12h later in the SA group compared to that in the GA group, as was the case for the frequency of nausea and vomiting as well as the dose of intramuscular morphine (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Generally, postoperative pain in SA is lower than in GA, although different postoperative complications such as nausea and vomiting are observed.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari; Masoumeh Simbar; Golshan Tahmasebi; Abbas Ebadi; Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari; Malihe Nasiri; Masumeh Ghazanfarpour
Volume 6, Issue 2 , March 2021, , Pages 81-86
Abstract
Background: Menstruation with cramping pain is one of the problems that appear during adolescence. The severity of dysmenorrhea affects the extent of activity limitation. Given the high prevalence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents and the personal-social effect of this condition on their daily lives, using ...
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Background: Menstruation with cramping pain is one of the problems that appear during adolescence. The severity of dysmenorrhea affects the extent of activity limitation. Given the high prevalence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents and the personal-social effect of this condition on their daily lives, using reliable tools for assessing the severity of this condition in different populations of different countries can significantly contribute to the standard diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of people suffering from dysmenorrhea.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a population of adolescent girls (Iran) in 2019. The research was approved and monitored by the relevant supervisory body, which issued the pertinent ethics licenses and letters of introduction. Sampling was performed using the cluster method from public schools. Inclusion criteria were Iranian nationality and not having any underlying diseases. The exclusion criterion was the unwillingness to continue participation. The data collection tools were a questionnaire of demographic and menstrual information as well as verbal rating scale (VRS; for both drug and pain) and working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) questionnaires.Results: The participants had a mean age of 15.6±2.3 years and a mean age of menarche of 12.5±1.3 years. The best sensitivity and specificity of the tools were respectively calculated as 63.7% and 56.9% for WaLIDD (at point 4.5), 57.3% and 70.8% for VRS (pain; at point 1.5), and 33.9% and 72.2% for VRS (drug; at point 0.5).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, none of the tools had high specificity and sensitivity at the same time. However, WaLIDD had high sensitivity, and VRS (for both pain and drug) exhibited high specificity.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Fatemeh Mirzaie; Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie; Mahin Badakhsh; Bahareh Khajehpour; Samira Ghofrani
Volume 7, Issue 2 , September and October 2021, , Pages 89-98
Abstract
Background & Objective: Pregnancy is a stressful event in and of itself, which may have an impact on the present prevalence of COVID-19 illness. It is crucial to think about what factors can help pregnant women cope with the anxiety brought on by the COVID-19 outbreak. The purpose of this study was ...
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Background & Objective: Pregnancy is a stressful event in and of itself, which may have an impact on the present prevalence of COVID-19 illness. It is crucial to think about what factors can help pregnant women cope with the anxiety brought on by the COVID-19 outbreak. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 in pregnant women, as well as the impact of COVID-19 anxiety on pregnant women's Apgar scores and birth weights of newborns.Materials & Methods: From early January to late March 2021, 102 pregnant women were included in this descriptive cross-sectional study using any accessible sampling method. Questionnaires such as the "Demographic" and "Corona Anxiety Scale" were used to collect data. SPSS software version 22 was used to analyze the data.Results: The mean score of total anxiety caused by COVID-19 in pregnant women was 20.88 ± 21.08, which was moderate. Among the components of anxiety, the mean score of psychological symptoms (13.05 ± 5.31) of pregnant women was higher than physical symptoms (5.64 ± 5.72). There was no statistically significant link between demographic characteristics and COVID-19-induced anxiety (P < /em>>0.05). The findings also revealed no statistically significant connection between COVID-19-induced anxiety and newborn weight or Apgar score 1 and 5 minutes after birth (P < /em>>0.05).Conclusion: The definitive incidence of COVID-19 in pregnant women was low. They experienced a moderate level of anxiety caused by COVID-19, which requires the necessary measurements to be taken by the relevant authorities, family and others to reduce this anxiety during the coronavirus pandemic.
Gynecology Oncology
Somayyeh Noei Teymoordash; Maliheh Arab; Noushin Afsharmoghadam; Behnaz Nouri; Tayebeh Jahed bozorgan; Maryam Talayeh
Volume 5, Issue 3 , November 2020, , Pages 103-109
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is characterized by mucinous ascites in the peritoneal cavity and might involve the omentum and peritoneum. The PMPs originating from the ovary are mostly caused by ruptured ovarian mature teratomas and mucinous ovarian carcinomas. The present case is a rare advanced mucinous ...
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Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is characterized by mucinous ascites in the peritoneal cavity and might involve the omentum and peritoneum. The PMPs originating from the ovary are mostly caused by ruptured ovarian mature teratomas and mucinous ovarian carcinomas. The present case is a rare advanced mucinous borderline ovarian tumor and late recurrence in PMP in a 52-year-old menopaused woman. She presented with gradual abdominal enlargement and cystic abdominopelvic lesion with internal septa and ascites. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, lymphadenectomy, and appendectomy. Histopathologic examination revealed mucinous borderline tumors. About 5.5 years after the first surgery, she presented with abdominal bloating and a sonography report of peritoneal seeding in the abdomen and pelvis. Abdominal exploration showed gelatinous-mucinous ascites and disseminated peritoneal carcinomatosis. The final histopathologic evaluation indicated PMP. Although the recurrence of mucinous borderline tumors is in an average of two years, the present case had relapsed after 5.5 years as pseudomyxoma with borderline pathology.
Soheila Aminimoghaddam; Afsar Ahmad; Setare Nassiri
Volume 4, Issue 3 , September and October 2019, , Pages 111-116
Abstract
Background & Objective: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia contains a group of abnormal trophoblastic tumors including hydatidiform moles (partial and complete) and non-molar trophoblastic neoplasms (invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor). The incidence is 1-2 per 1000 ...
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Background & Objective: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia contains a group of abnormal trophoblastic tumors including hydatidiform moles (partial and complete) and non-molar trophoblastic neoplasms (invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor). The incidence is 1-2 per 1000 deliveries both in the United States and Europe. The aim of this study was to prove the noninferiuority and safety of misoprostol use in cervical ripening in patient with molar pregnancy.
Materials & Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed on 150 women with molar pregnancy referred to Firuzgar and Mirza-koochack-khan hospitals in Tehran, between 2006 and 2013. We defined group 1 as 100 patients without Misoprostol pretreatment and group 2 as 50 patients with Misoprostol pretreatment. There was no significant difference in the number of complete or partial mole between the two groups. They were followed by serum ß-hCG level and if it became plateaued in 4 measurements or rose more than 10% in 3 measurements in a period of three weeks, would be defined as persistent.
Results: We found no significant difference of maternal age, fundal height, gestational age, gravity, parity, number of previous abortions and prevalence of complete and partial moles between the two groups. A total of 27 (27%) patients in non-Misoprostol group and 5 (10%) patients in Misoprostol group developed Persistent GTN (P < /em><0.05). We observed no case of trophoblastic embolism in the misoprostol group.
Conclusion: Misoprostol cervical ripening resulted in lower Persistent GTN incidence. Also, trophoblastic embolism following misoprostol administration is so rare that we observed no case.
Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari; Masoumeh Simbar; Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz; Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari
Volume 3, Issue 3 , September and October 2018, , Pages 115-122
Abstract
Aims: Women’s empowerment refers to empowering women to make independent decisions about significant life issues. Women’s empowerment affects demographic processes and fertility behaviors. The aim of this review was to investigate the factors related to empowering Iranian women’s fertility ...
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Aims: Women’s empowerment refers to empowering women to make independent decisions about significant life issues. Women’s empowerment affects demographic processes and fertility behaviors. The aim of this review was to investigate the factors related to empowering Iranian women’s fertility behaviors.
Information and Methods: This review examined all related studies conducted from 1997 to 2017 in Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, Scopus, Proquest, Irandoc, SID, and Magiran using some keywords, i.e., fertility, empowerment, decision-making, and childbearing.
Findings: 31 articles related to the objective of the current study were finally selected and examined. The studies demonstrated that factors associated with empowering Iranian women’s fertility behaviors could be classified into four main categories: contextual, economic, socio-cultural, and moral and emotional factors.
Conclusion: Empowering women’s fertility behaviors is related to the contextual, economic, socio-cultural, and moral-emotional factors. By planning and making policies aimed at improving women’s position and educational and occupational facilities, improving social services and quality of life, and creating equal opportunities for getting access to facilities and credits, indicators of human development empowerment and women’s fertility behaviors can be promoted
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mahsa Naemi; Maasoumeh Saleh; Mahboubeh Saleh
Volume 8, Issue 2 , March and April 2023, , Pages 125-130
Abstract
Background & Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) is a major complication of pregnancy worldwide. Doppler ultrasound of maternal arteries, including uterine and ophthalmic arteries (OA), plays an important role in determining individuals progressing PE. The aim of this study is to compare OA indices ...
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Background & Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) is a major complication of pregnancy worldwide. Doppler ultrasound of maternal arteries, including uterine and ophthalmic arteries (OA), plays an important role in determining individuals progressing PE. The aim of this study is to compare OA indices in pregnant women with a diagnosis of PE and women without it.Materials & Methods: This study evaluated pregnant women who had delivery in Shariati Hospitals, Tehran, Iran between January 2021 and March 2022. The maternal OA Doppler waves were obtained in preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic women at 35 to 37 weeks of gestation by a maternal-fetal medicine specialist. OA Doppler parameters including first and second PSV, second to first PSV ratio (Peak ratio, PR) and PI were obtained for each eye and also average between the eyes.Results: Out of 148 included participants, 48 cases progressed to PE at 35 to 37 weeks of gestation and 100 cases did not have PE at the same gestational age. All OA parameters including (First and second peak systolic velocities (PSV), second to first PSV Ratio (PR) and Pulsatility Index (PI) in each eye; as well as, the average of these indices in both eyes) were assessed. PR and PI between the two eyes were statistically different in those with PE.Conclusion: OA Doppler indices change in pregnant women with PE. These changes could help to earlier and better diagnosis of PE and prevention of maternal and fetal sequelae.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Tahereh Eftekhar; Marzieh Hajibabaei; Leila Pourali; Maryam Vizheh; Ali Montazeri
Volume 6, Issue 3 , June 2021, , Pages 128-133
Abstract
Background & Objective: Vaginal laxity is a prevalent disorder that influences woman’s sexual satisfaction and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Higgs radiofrequency on pelvic organ prolapse and sexual function among women suffering from vaginal laxity.Materials & ...
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Background & Objective: Vaginal laxity is a prevalent disorder that influences woman’s sexual satisfaction and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Higgs radiofrequency on pelvic organ prolapse and sexual function among women suffering from vaginal laxity.Materials & Methods: This was a pre- and post-intervention study. Twenty-two subjects who suffered from vaginal laxity referring to a pelvic floor clinic affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences were studied. Higgs radiofrequency was administered at six sessions with a two-week interval. Women were evaluated by an urogynecologist for pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) twice: before and three months after intervention. Also, women responded to the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-19) at baseline and three months follow-up assessment. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and paired samples t-test.Results: The mean age of participants was 40.30 (SD = 8.01) years. The mean number of gravidities was 2.45 (SD = 1.29). Seventeen women (77.3 %) suffered from severe or moderate vaginal laxity. After intervention, the point Ba (P < /em>=0.02), perineal body-point PB (P < /em>=0.058) and total vaginal length (0.014) significantly improved. Also, female sexual function and its six domains improved (P < /em><0.001).Conclusion: The findings indicated that Higgs radiofrequency was a safe and noninvasive technique that improved some pelvic organ prolapse quantification and sexual function among women suffering from vaginal laxity.
General Gynecology and Pelvic Floor
Zinat Ghanbari; Leila Pourali; Tahereh Eftekhar; Maryam Deldar Pesikhani; Soudabeh Darvish; Zahra Lotfi; Elnaz Ayati
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 144-149
Abstract
Background & Objective: Defecatory dysfunction is a common problem among women who are referred for urogynecological care. Pelvic organs prolapse (POP) which is a downward displacement of pelvic organs is one of the common conditions among patients with defecatory problems. This study was planned ...
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Background & Objective: Defecatory dysfunction is a common problem among women who are referred for urogynecological care. Pelvic organs prolapse (POP) which is a downward displacement of pelvic organs is one of the common conditions among patients with defecatory problems. This study was planned to evaluate the correlation of obstructive defecatory symptoms with the site and severity of pelvic organ prolapse and the anorectal manometry results.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed between Dec 2018 and Nov 2019. A total of 150 women with symptoms of defecatory problems were enrolled. Patients were classified in two groups according to each compartment prolapse staging and severity: stage ≤2 and stage >2. The correlation between defecatory symptoms and pelvic organ prolapse examination, anorectal examination and anal manometry were evaluated.
Results: A total of 150 women were evaluated. There was a significant correlation between higher stage of anterior compartment prolapse (cystocele stage>2) and constipation (P=0.035). Although all the defecatory symptoms were more frequent in anterior prolapse stage>2, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between defecatory symptoms and severity of posterior compartment prolapse. There was a significant correlation between stage>2 of apical prolapse and all the defecatory symptoms (P≤0.05). The abnormal anal resting and squeeze pressure and abnormal balloon expulsion test were more frequent in stage >2 of all compartments prolapse, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Obstructed defecation syndrome was more frequent in patients with higher stages of anterior and apical prolapse. Abnormal manometry results were more frequent in patients with defecatory dysfunction with advanced vaginal prolapse.
Maryam Deldar Pasikhani; Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh; Razieh Akbari; Mahshid Shooshtari; Atieh Pajouhi
Volume 4, Issue 4 , September and October 2019, , Pages 151-154
Abstract
Background & Objective: Anticoagulant therapy has been used for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Heparin-induced necrotizing skin lesion is a serious complication that can be potentially life-threatening.
Case Report: We report a 55-year-old female presenting ...
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Background & Objective: Anticoagulant therapy has been used for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Heparin-induced necrotizing skin lesion is a serious complication that can be potentially life-threatening.
Case Report: We report a 55-year-old female presenting with skin necrosis without thrombocytopenia after prescribing heparin prophylaxis. She had died as it was not possible to discontinue her heparin therapy.
Conclusion: Heparin-induced skin necrosis should be suspected in all patients who undergo UFH or LMWH. Observation of platelet count is recommended at the onset of skin lesions. Early diagnosis of this condition can be helpful for the management of this potentially mortal disease.
Behnaz Moradi; Shohreh Sadrarhami; Masoumeh Banihashemian; Masoumeh Gity; Ahmad-Reza Tahmasebpour; Mohamad Ali Kazemi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, , Pages 165-168
Abstract
Background & Objective: Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are uncommon germ cell tumors with significant perinatal and postnatal mortality and morbidity rate.
Case Report: We present a case of large fast growing (86x63mm) mostly cystic SCT in a 27-year-old woman with 23 weeks of gestational age ...
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Background & Objective: Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are uncommon germ cell tumors with significant perinatal and postnatal mortality and morbidity rate.
Case Report: We present a case of large fast growing (86x63mm) mostly cystic SCT in a 27-year-old woman with 23 weeks of gestational age and normal first trimester ultrasound exam. The fetus was evaluated by both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography.
Conclusion: Findings regarding tumor location, size, and content were similar for both sonography and MRI methods, though vascular pattern was detected with higher accuracy and more details by sonography. Meanwhile, MRI provided more appropriate information about tumor effects on surrounding tissue and conus location.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Laleh Eslamian; Ashraf Jamal; Vajiheh Marsosi; Marjan Ahmadi; Alireza Golbabaei; Paria Boustani
Volume 7, Issue 3 , January and February 2022, , Pages 165-170
Abstract
Background & Objective: IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction) fetuses have been known as a significant concern in clinical practice. It is associated with fetal mortality and morbidity and prenatal adverse cardiac remodeling. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the relation between MPI (myocardial ...
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Background & Objective: IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction) fetuses have been known as a significant concern in clinical practice. It is associated with fetal mortality and morbidity and prenatal adverse cardiac remodeling. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the relation between MPI (myocardial performance index) abnormalities and doppler findings in both normal and IUGR fetuses.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 consecutive pregnant women in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2019 and 2020 underwent ultrasound assessment at 28-40 weeks, in which among the 400 performed ultrasounds, 47 fetuses with IUGR were selected as a case group, and 47 fetuses with normal weight were selected based on AGA (appropriate gestational age). Cardiac function was evaluated by measuring MPI in diastolic and systolic function in two groups. The results were compared to the IUGR (case group) and control group by SPSS software version 20.Results: In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the AUC (area under the curve) for left ventricular MPI (LV MPI) was 0.929 (CI95%: 0.868-0.991; P < /em>=0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity values were 87% and 69.4% with a cut-off point of 0.2850. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve for RV MPI was 0.842 (CI95%: 0.741-0.942; P < /em>=0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity values were 78.3% and 63.9%, with a cut-off point 0.2850. Left and right ventricular MPI showed a significant difference statistically between the case and the control groups.Conclusion: The study showed a significant rise of MPI in IUGR fetuses. MPI can be considered as a useful parameter for evaluating the severity of growth restriction in IUGR fetuses.
