Farname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Diabetes Consequences on Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane Complications11069736210.30699/jogcr.8.1.1ENSaeedeh ShahaliWomen's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFarnaz Sahhaf EbrahimiWomen's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSimin TaghaviWomen's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranElnaz AfsariWomen's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220118<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span><span lang="EN-GB">Diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes are complications that may be associated with preterm premature rupture of the membrane (i.e. PPROM) during pregnancy. We have investigate the impact of gestational and overt diabetes on PPROM through a statistical campaign. </span><br /><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> <span lang="EN-GB">This study was conducted in two parts: In the first part, the PPROM patients (211 cases) were classified into three groups, without diabetes (W/ODM=126 cases), gestational diabetes (GDM=69 cases consist of 44 cases under insulin therapy and 25 cases of diet controlled), and diabetes mellitus (ODM=16 cases). PPROM complications were studied and compared between these three groups. In the second part, GDM patients under insulin therapy or diet control were compared to W/ODM patients in terms of PPROM complications. </span><br /><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> <span lang="EN-GB">There were no significant statistical differences between the groups regarding pregnancy outcomes, except, for mean gestational age at rupture of membrane and delivery. For maternal outcomes, there were significant changes between groups in terms of labor duration, hospital stay after childbirth, and severe preeclampsia. Fetus and neonatal outcomes suggested that the newborn weight, neonatal hyperglycemia, Apgar score, revive need, infant death, and umbilical cord blood gas test results (except BE) were significantly different between the three groups. Results of the second part of the study, in terms of statistically significant differences between insulin therapy, diet control, and W/ODM are consistent with the first part, for all discussed factors. </span><br /><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong><span lang="EN-GB">Results revealed that PPROM protocol management on PPROM cases who have gestational or overt diabetes is applicable and does not have any further risk. </span></span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697362_2e5cb009c08f8ac6fa984f712220c2b9.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Age and Cervical Histology, the Most Important Factors to Predict Human Papilloma Virus Clearance111669739510.30699/jogcr.8.1.11ENFariba BehnamfarDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-4218-5982Fatemeh Ahmadi SolushDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000000232926364Tajossadat AllamehDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000000265234348Journal Article20220516<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Cervical Cancer (CC) is a common cancer which is associated with HPV-infection. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors which affects HPV-clearance<span lang="EN-GB">.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">This study was carried out on women with high risk HPV infection. All the patients underwent pap smears and cervical biopsy. Demographic data, marital status, vaccination history and consumption of tobacco, alcohol, opium and oral contraceptive pills were asked through a questionnaire<span lang="EN-GB">.</span></span></span><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><br /><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The results showed that in one year follow-up, 142 (67.1%) patients showed HPV clearance. The HPV clearance decreased by increasing age (P=0.028) or higher CIN grades (P=0.017). In case of parity, there was no significant difference in univariate analysis (P=0.147), but it was significant in multiple logistic regression analysis (95% CI: 0.413-0.941, OR=0624, P= 0.024).</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="line-height: 2;">It seems that age and cervical histology at the start of HPV infection are the most important factors for HPV clearanc</span>e.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697395_eebc03019053bb9143e05b66de836a4b.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Assessment of the Diagnostic Value of Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping with Blue Dye (Blue Methylene) with Complete Lymph Node Dissection for Endometrial Cancer Staging Surgery (a Multicenter, Prospective, Cross-Sectional Study)172269737910.30699/jogcr.8.1.17ENTajossadat AllamehDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMaryam Sadat MirazimiDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranFahimeh SabetDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranLeila Mousavi SereshtDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranFariba BehnamfarDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20220316<span style="line-height: 2;">In gynecological cancers, sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping has been proposed as an alternative to complete lymph node dissection. The goal of this study was to determine sentinel lymph node mapping's sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV versus gold standard surgery (complete lymph node dissection) in patients with metastatic illness. A total of 26 patients were prospectively enrolled from spring 2021 to winter 2022. Sentinel lymph node mapping with complete pelvic lymph node dissection was done in all of them, and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was detected in 11 (43.33%) patients. At least one sentinel lymph node was successfully mapped in 22 (84.6%) patients. Three patients (11.5%) had positive lymph nodes, with an 85.7% sensitivity (95 percent CI) to detect node positive illness, a specificity of 74.93%, an NPV of 99.6 (99.5 CI), and a PPV of 5.9% calculated. There were no serious adverse effects due to blue dye. The accuracy rate of sentinel lymph node mapping by methylene blue was 75.1%<span lang="EN-GB">.</span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697379_41bcdfa48e669c5f858f119f103513fa.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovarian Disease and Their Effects on Clomiphene Resistance in Infertile Women232869736610.30699/jogcr.8.1.23ENMahnaz AshrafiShahid AkbarAbadi Clinical Research Development unit (SHACRDU), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, IranSahar GolmohammadiShahid AkbarAbadi Clinical Research Development unit (SHACRDU), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, IranJournal Article20211228<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Clomiphene resistance is an important problem among women with Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) suffering from infertility. Recognition of the causes would result in better prognosis in these patients. This study was performed to determine different PCOD phenotypes and their effects on clomiphene resistance in infertile women.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">In this descriptive-comparative cross-sectional study, 200 consecutive PCOD women with infertility taking clomiphene who were reffered to Akbarabadi hospital in 2017 and 2018 were enrolled. Different PCOD phenotypes and their effects on clomiphene resistance among these women were assessed.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The results showed that A, B, C, and D phenotypes were observed in 79 (39.5%), 13 (6.5%), 51 (25.5%), and 57 (28.5%) patients, respectively. Sixty-one patients (30.5%) had resistance. Despite no significant difference between phenotypes (P=0.064), the most common PCOD phenotype was A (HA+OA+PCO) found in 39.2% and D (OA+PCO) was seen in 29.8% of the patients.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">According to the results, there was no significant association between PCOD phenotypes and clomiphene resistance. Finally, A and D phenotypes were frequent types with clomiphene resistance.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697366_4a7bcb63a20bbef262757024751d21af.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Evaluation of Prolactin Receptor in Triple Negative Breast Cancer by Immunohistochemistry as a Predictive Factor: A Descriptive Analytic Study293469737210.30699/jogcr.8.1.29ENMahdis MohamadianamiriGynecologist Oncologist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akbarabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000000327027169Hossein ShiraziIran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000000214646772Majid AklamliDepartment of Anesthesiology, Akbarabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-6697-4578Kobra TahermaneshEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran0000000329693085Shahin Keshtkar RajabiFiroozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FACRDU), Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran0000000316189429Journal Article20220116<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">There are controversial results and paucity of data regarding the role of prolactin hormone in triple negative breast cancer. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the role of prolactin receptor as a predictive factor in patients with triple negative breast cancer.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">This was a descriptive-analytical study. All patients referred to three referral hospitals with triple negative breast cancer (ER−, PR−, HER-2−), were assessed to be included in the study. Patients' slides and blocks were re-examined for prolactin receptor by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the association between the tumor size and grade was examined with prolactin receptor. Clinical characteristics and pathological features were recorded in researcher made questionnaire.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">In total, 25 patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) entered the study. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of tumor size in prolactin negative and positive groups were 4.82 ± 5.05 and 3.37 ± 1.61 cm, respectively with no significant difference (P-value> 0.05). Also, there was no statistically significant association between the tumor grade and prolactin receptor status (P-value = 0.056). Moreover, there was no statistically significant association between lymph nodes involvement and prolactin receptor status using Fisher’s exact test (P-value = 0.9). However, mean ± SD of age in negative and positive prolactin groups were 45.73 ± 12.12 and 56.60 ± 9.84, respectively with a statistically significant difference (P-value = 0.026).</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">We did not find any association between prolactin receptor status and tumor size or grade in TNBC. Nonetheless, there is still ambiguity regarding the role of prolactin receptor expression in development of breast cancer. The controversial results are probably due to different effects of prolactin receptor in various breast cancer subtypes, which should be assessed in further trials.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697372_1a4dd36a502f25482ca81b4f8694c1d5.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Childbearing in Advanced Maternal Age and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study354069736510.30699/jogcr.8.1.35ENSoheila DabiranDepartment of Socio-Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranShahla KhosraviDepartment of Socio-Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranLeila PouraliDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranSedigheh AyatiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-0007-8679Zahra Mohaddes ArdebiliSchool of Medicine, Tehran, IranShamim DelavariSchool of Medicine, Azad University, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20220101<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Delayed childbearing has become a worldwide phenomenon, yet the association between advanced maternal age (AMA ≥35 years) and pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. This issue has also been inadequately explored in Iran. To assess the relationship between pregnancy complications and AMA in the Iranian context.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">This cross-sectional study involved 891 women who had consecutive pregnancies and were referred for delivery to an academic hospital at Mashhad university of medical sciences, Mashhad , Iran, from March 2015 to March 2019 for The women were considered into the two age groups, namely, a 20 to 34year group and an AMA group, who were then assessed in terms of complications of late childbearing, such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); mode of delivery; and five-minute Apgar score. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the Mann–Whitney U test in SPSS version 9. The P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span lang="X-NONE">The AMA group exhibited lower five-minute Apgar scores and a significantly higher prevalence of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and GDM (p < 0.05).<strong> </strong>The two groups also substantially differed concerning</span><br />quality of prenatal care (p < 0.001). Regarding the mode of delivery, cesarean section was more prevalent in the AMA group, whereas vaginal delivery was more common in the younger group (p<em> </em>< 0.001).</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">With regard to trend to pregnancy in higher maternal age and higher pregnancy complication in this population, precise preconception counseling is crucial to educating couples for early childbearing at younger age.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697365_d8b90ebb56a32cd61ba138445018892d.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227The Relation between Prenatal Concerns and Sleep Quality of Pregnant Women in Triple Trimesters414669737110.30699/jogcr.8.1.41ENZahra SoleimaniDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMansoor NourmohammadiBaqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNeda HashemiEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMaryam AghaeiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20211217<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span lang="EN">Considering the importance of good sleep quality during pregnancy and the adverse effects of poor sleep quality on mother before and after childbirth and also its adverse effects on the fetus and newborn, identifying the related factors to sleep disturbance is important. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate</span> the relationship between prenatal and sleep quality in pregnant women.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span lang="EN">The present cross-sectional study was done on 150 pregnant women who were referred to Baqiyatallah<em> </em>Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Convenience sampling method was used for choosing participants. </span>Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ) were used for gathering information.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span lang="EN">The prevalence rates of poor sleep quality in first, second and third trimesters were 36%, 54% and 62%, respectively. In all three trimesters, the newborn health parameter had the highest score and relationship score had the lowest score. </span>There was a statistically significant relationship between prenatal concerns and sleep quality of pregnant women in all three trimesters of pregnancy<span lang="EN"> (P<0.05)</span>.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">We found the significant relationship between pregnancy concerns and sleep quality of pregnant women in all three trimesters of pregnancy, and this finding indicates the direct effect of pregnancy concerns on sleep quality during pregnancy. Therefore, it is necessary to plan and perform the necessary interventions to minimize the concerns of pregnant women.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697371_caac5dda38eb3da82852b5fc57353253.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227A Cross-Sectional Study Regarding Infertility Among Women in Iraq475269740310.30699/jogcr.8.1.47ENFadhil HussamCollege of Medical Technology,Medical Lab techniques, Al-farahidi University/ Iraq Fadil.hussam@alfarahidiuc.edu.iqShaymaa Abdulhameed KhudairAl-Nisour University College, IraqWaleed K. AlkhafajeAnesthesia Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, IraqYasir S. AlnassarThe University of Mashreq, Baghdad, IraqRashad M. KaoudDepartment of pharmacy, Ashur University College, Baghdad, IraqAhmed Najm AbedAl-Esraa University College, Baghdad, IraqHaneen Saad JabbarDepartment of Nursing, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, IraqHiba Ali NumanAl-Kafeel University, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Department of Medical Laboratory Technologies, IraqJournal Article20220628<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Infertility is the inability to become pregnant despite trying for at least a year. Infertility is also referred to as when a woman continues to experience miscarriages. Environmental factors, lifestyle, hormone issues, physical problems, and age can all contribute to female infertility. About 10-12% of couples struggle with infertility, a multifaceted issue with ramifications for society, the economy, and culture. The majority of female infertility cases are caused by issues with egg production. By analyzing samples from infertility clinics, the current study aims to investigate the degree of female infertility in Erbil, Iraq, while covering all facets of the condition.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">595 infertile females receiving medical counseling from three infertile institutions between February 2020 to December 2021 were screened for the current study. In addition to anthropometric measurements, information about the etiology, duration, and lifestyle, factors of infertility has been gathered using a standardized questionnaire. Additionally, the sample was subjected to clinical examinations. Five groups of reproductive abnormalities were identified. Around 61.79% of women in the infertile group for the first two years had tubal obstruction, and 49.92% had hormonal deficiencies. Ovulation defects (4.62%) and undersized uteri (4.82%) predominated in the >10-year infertile group. Both weight and body mass index have shown a favorable association with infertility duration.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Our findings demonstrated a significant correlation between body mass index and infertility. Most academic and wealthy groups pursued medical advice to resolve issues related to infertility<span lang="EN">.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Finally, it is suggested that female infertility can be managed and cured with hormone therapy, laparoscopic procedures, minor surgical procedures, and medicine.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697403_93a05e0b3efc7438cb84a5acaecd7464.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Comparison of Visual Inspection Methods Using Either Acetic Acid Solution or Lugol’s Iodine Solution with Colposcopy in Screening of Cervical Cancer: A Cross Sectional Study535669736810.30699/jogcr.8.1.53ENAfsaneh TehranianDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAkram Ghahghaei-NezamabadiDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMaryam Motiei LangeroudiDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranReyhaneh AghajaniSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20211107<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">We compared two different methods of visual inspection of the cervix, including Visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) and Visual inspection of the cervix with Lugol's iodine (VILI) in terms of sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of pre-malignant cervical lesions in comparison to colposcopy guided biopsy.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">In this cross-sectional study, a total number of 200 women who were referred to the colposcopy clinic of Arash women’s hospital (Tehran, Iran) for cervical cancer screening, underwent VIA, VILI, and colposcopy guided biopsy during 2018-2019.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The calculated sensitivity and specificity of VIA and VILI in this population were (100% and 69.5%) and (100% and 60%), respectively, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of both VIA and VILI tests in combination were 100% and 77.2%. The positive and negative predictive values were 32.7% and 100%, respectively, when combined form of VIA and VILI was applied in this population<span lang="EN">.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">VIA and VILI alone or in combination could be used as screening tests to evaluate the presence of cervical cancer and in case of positive results, supplementary tests such as colposcopy guided biopsy could be performed for definite diagnosis.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697368_29a3ba522522065f9ef95edea8e6e6b6.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Effect of Fast-Track Surgery under ERAS protocol in Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial576269737410.30699/jogcr.8.1.57ENMinoo GharouniEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAbolfazl Mehdizadeh KashiEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0471-5463Shahla ChaichianEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000000157728711Zahra AzizianEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranKobra TahermaneshEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000000329693085Samaneh RokhgirehEndometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220105<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Fast-track surgery (FTS) consists of different pathways to decrease surgical complications and improve outcomes and patient satisfaction. FTS in an elective gynecologic laparoscopic surgery has not been well assessed. No consensus guidelines have been developed for gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for total laparoscopic hysterectomy.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">260 patients underwent for laparoscopic hysterectomy surgery. All patients were divided into two groups as follows: one group received traditional laparoscopic hysterectomy surgery and the intervention group was treated under ERAS protocol. ERAS protocol includes not receiving preoperative mechanical bowel preparation and laxatives as well as fasting 6 h and not drinking liquids 2h before surgery. The patients were allowed to resume the ordinary diet 6h post-operation. Ondansetron 4 mg were prescribed after surgery for nausea and vomiting, pain was controlled with non-narcotic analgesics diclofenac suppository 100 mg/q12 h and paracetamol 1000 mg/q6 h until discharge. Urinary catheter was removed whenever possible and early ambulation occurred 6h after the surgery.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">A total of 260 patients were studied. Regarding the length of hospitalization, significant differences were shown between the groups (P<0.001). Return to daily functions was occurred earlier in the fast-track surgery group than another group. Complications and VAS pain scores showed no significant differences between the groups<span lang="EN">.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Our results show that ERAS surgery has fewer side effects and better outcomes which make it more suitable for patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697374_8df91bcef7672f70bb88aef89e51058b.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Efficacy of Uterine Artery Embolization for Control of Postpartum Hemorrhage636769736310.30699/jogcr.8.1.63ENSedigheh Ghasemian DizajmehrDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran0000-0001-8787-6221Afshin MohammadiDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, IranSara Malekshahi NejadDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, IranJournal Article20211216<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Postpartum hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal morbidity, especially in developing countries, and a major cause of direct maternal death worldwide. Considering the importance of timely postpartum hemorrhage management and access to low-risk methods, assessing the efficacy of uterine artery embolization (UAE) is essential. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the success rate and outcomes of UAE in the treatment of delayed postpartum hemorrhage.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">This cross-sectional study was performed on women with delayed postpartum hemorrhage who were referred to the gynecology and obstetrics clinic of a referral hospital in Urmia city under treatment of UAE. The census method was used for choosing the patients and all women with delayed postpartum hemorrhage between April 2019 and March 2020 were entered into the study.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">During the study period, he number of 22 women with delayed postpartum hemorrhage were entered into the study. The mean age of the women was 29.36±5.09 years. The success rate of UAE was 95.6%. The number of 20 (90.9%) cases did not report complications. For one case, UAE complication was associated with amenorrhea and for the other one with vaginal bleeding<span lang="EN">.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The results showed that the UAE method as an effective method with high efficacy and low complications can be considered a suitable choice for the treatment of delayed postpartum hemorrhage.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697363_4d72c42fc94804c21fc496e9f0234e57.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Maternal Health Literacy and Pregnancy Outcomes: Does any Association Exist?687569738210.30699/jogcr.8.1.68ENFahimeh GhotbizadehDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranZahra PanahiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAzam Tarafdari ManshadiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSaeed SoltaniTehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranRazieh AkbariDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-9837-9626Mahdieh ParsapurDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220118<span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Background & Objective:</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">Social factors which are integrated with health status are considered crucial in pregnancy morbidity. Mothers with a developed level of health literacy (HL) experience a lower risk of preterm delivery. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal HL and prenatal care and pregnancy outcome.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">Materials & Methods</span></span></span><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">:</span></span></span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The research was a cohort study. A total of 323 participants were selected from prenatal clinics. The women were followed until delivery. Women who had gestational diabetes or preeclampsia or gestational hypertension during pregnancy were omitted. Data were collected with a survey.</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Results:</span></span></strong> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The result found 34.1%, 33.1%, 23.8%, and 9% were categorized as having inadequate, problematic, sufficient, and excellent maternal HL. Women with sufficient and excellent literacy were meaningfully better in having earlier and more frequent antenatal care, earlier folic acid consumption, and exercise before and during pregnancy, pregnancy alarm sign awareness, neonatal birth weight, and breastfeeding<span lang="EN">.</span></span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="background: #a20000;"><span style="color: white;">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><strong> </strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="line-height: 2;">The results proposed that sufficient and excellent HL among women is related to good pregnancy outcomes and poor HL causes a poor chance to gain a positive pregnancy outcome. A cooperative work to grow maternal HL by considering HL levels, revision of educational materials into plain language, and provision of pregnant women with verbal and video instruction in addition to written materials are highly recommended.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697382_eee9044bc59dbb0e8e017750aed5038a.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227The Signet Ring Stromal Tumor in a 13-Year-Old Girl: Case Report768069738310.30699/jogcr.8.1.76ENTajossadat AllamehDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000000265234348Behnoosh MohamadiDepartments of Pathology, Isfahan University o Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000000250285126Journal Article20220327<span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span lang="EN-GB">Signet ring stromal tumor is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm, of which only about 17 cases have been reported since 1996. The signet ring appearance of this tumor may mimic a Krukenberg tumor and result in a diagnostic challenge in some cases</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">.</span> <span lang="EN-GB">The previous cases occurred in adult or in old patients. We have reporteda Signet ring stromal tumor in a 13-year-old girl</span>.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697383_167ae68e64d37ca15aa109f040c85bd6.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227A Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma Presenting with a Huge Ulcerating Breast Mass818569735610.30699/jogcr.8.1.81ENAmal Abd El HafezPathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptFaculty of Medicine, Horus University – Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, EgyptFaculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University (NMU), New Mansoura, Egypt0000000233465168Journal Article20210921<span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Plasma cell myeloma<strong> (</strong>PCM) of the breast is extremely unusual. It probably constitutes 0.7% of extramedullary plasmacytomas<strong>, </strong>and 0.2% of all breast malignancies. Clinically and radiologically, PCM of the breast is indistinguishable from breast carcinoma or other primary breast disorders. Therefore, histomorphological examination with immunohistochemistry are considered as gold standards for its diagnosis in tissue samples. We report a case of a 30-year-old female presented with a progressive huge ulcerating left breast mass, despite chemotherapy. She had a history of an initially misdiagnosed humeral lytic lesion, and recurrent lytic boney lesions for the past 7 years. Positive CD138, CD56 and Kappa immunostaining has confirmed PC differentiation and monoclonality of the tumor cells. Subsequently, PCM of breast was diagnosed and the patient was transferred for chemotherapy and follow-up.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697356_ec894be66863b7e7e9a5007f2a17d59a.pdfFarname Inc.
(Science-Based Research Institute; Professional Publisher of Scientific Journals)Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research2645-39918120221227Malignant Hyperthermia, Cardiac Dysrhythmia and Hypertension Crisis in Sublingual Misoprostol: Educational Policy for Adverse Drug Reaction Organization869469735410.30699/jogcr.8.1.86ENMohammad Reza ZeraatiDepartment of Anesthesiology, Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran0000000265145943Hojjat TorkmandiDepartment of Operating Room, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University ofMedical Sciences, Zanjan, IranMohammad AbdiPh.D Candidate of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Emergency & Critical Care, School of Nursing, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran0000000210842936Mohammad Reza JamshidiDepartment of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, IranAlireza SafaieSchool of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, UKJournal Article20210722<span style="line-height: 2;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Pyrexia and shivering are the most popular side effects of postpartum administration of misoprostol, but other side effects of this drug are very rare. A 27-year-old pregnant female patient was admitted to Ayatollah Mousavi hospital (Zanjan, Iran), complaining about severe headache and the primary diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis. Treatment was successful after primary investigations and planed therapy for Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT). Following the decision on terminating the pregnancy, five tablets of Sublingual misoprostol (200 mg) was used once evacuation of pregnancy remnants was done. About thirty minutes after the administration of misoprostol, onset of severe shivering and tachycardia (201/min) with high fever (about 41°C) and hypertension (182/123 mmHg) was observed. National Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) form was completed. All of symptoms were alleviated 30 minutes after administration of Paracetamol 1gram (Intravenous infusion) followed by Metoprolol 50 mg (orally). According to the literature, we listed the various side effects of misoprostol. Even though the side effects of misoprostol are diverse and rare, the simultaneous occurrence of these side effects is not cited till date. These incidents are reported to the authorities as per ADR policy; nonetheless, no preventive measures are implemented. This necessitates medical educational policies to be taken into consideration to educate healthcare providers throughout their professional career as well as research.</span></span></span>https://www.jogcr.com/article_697354_195ce50cbe99a1de6a11e8b713f2a834.pdf