Solmaz Fakhari; Hojjat Pourfathi; Haleh Farzin; Eisa Bilehjani
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 137-142
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common type of cancer among female human populations. Approximately, one million new cases are diagnosed per year and it is expected that this amount will increase in the future. In recent years, the common standard surgical procedures for the treatment of breast invasive carcinoma ...
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Breast cancer is a common type of cancer among female human populations. Approximately, one million new cases are diagnosed per year and it is expected that this amount will increase in the future. In recent years, the common standard surgical procedures for the treatment of breast invasive carcinoma are breast-protective surgery and modified radical mastectomy. Residual tumor after surgery, stage T3–T4, metastases to 4 axillary lymph nodes or greater, and extracapsular axillary lymph node disease that is treated with adjuvant chemotherapy are indications of surgery. Post-mastectomy radiotherapy results in an increased disease-free condition and survival rate. With the improvement of survival rate, the procedure has been focused on quality of breast cancer survivors.
Shayesteh Parashi; Vahideh Astaraei; Mansoureh Vahdat; Parisa Dini; Mahdis Mohammadianamiri
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 143-147
Abstract
Background & Objective: Postoperative hemorrhage is one of the most frequently cited complications of total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH). This study aimed to investigate the effect of a single preoperative dose of sublingual misoprostol on reducing blood loss during total abdominal hysterectomies.
Materials ...
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Background & Objective: Postoperative hemorrhage is one of the most frequently cited complications of total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH). This study aimed to investigate the effect of a single preoperative dose of sublingual misoprostol on reducing blood loss during total abdominal hysterectomies.
Materials & Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT). The statistical population included all women who were candidates of hysterectomy in 2017 and 2018. A total of 132 patients were randomly selected and classified into two groups of misoprostol (N=66) and placebo (N=66). Examining intraoperative blood loss was considered a primary outcome. Moreover, levels of hemoglobin before and 24 hours after the surgery, the need for a blood transfusion, febrile morbidity, and the duration of hospitalization were regarded as secondary outcomes. The means of bleeding in the two groups were compared using a t-test.
Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in the baseline characteristics (P < /em><0.05). After the surgery, the mean of hemoglobin values was lower in the placebo group compared to the misoprostol one, and this difference was statistically significant (P < /em><0.001). There was a significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups, and it was significantly higher in the placebo group (P < /em><0.001).
Conclusion: Taking a single preoperative dose of sublingual misoprostol is effective in reducing intraoperative blood loss after total abdominal hysterectomies. Additionally, this intervention led to a decline in hemoglobin.
Mahdieh Kafaee Ghaeini; Mohammad Reza Amin-Naseri; Marzieh Aghahoseini
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 149-155
Abstract
Background & Objective: Studies have shown that despite the numerous research carried out regarding infertility treatment, there is still a long way to treat this disease satisfactorily. Spending a lot of time and money on infertility treatments proves the necessity of designing a model which could ...
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Background & Objective: Studies have shown that despite the numerous research carried out regarding infertility treatment, there is still a long way to treat this disease satisfactorily. Spending a lot of time and money on infertility treatments proves the necessity of designing a model which could predict the result of treatment methods with an acceptable accuracy; a model that could help physicians to get rid of trial and error for treatment methods which should step by step be applied on an infertile couple. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is one of the assisted reproductive techniques. Statistics have indicated that the probability of pregnancy occurrence is only about 30% using this method. In this paper, a model which could predict the result of (ICSI) was presented using the decision tree and support vector machine methods.
Materials & Methods: The applied data were collected in seven months from December 2012 to June 2013 by analyzing 251 treatment cycles in Omid Fertility Clinic. Input variables of the model were parameters like couple’s medical records, hormonal tests, the cause of infertility, and the like. The output variable was the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the clinical pregnancy (the pregnancy resulting in the formation of the fetal heart). One of the innovations of this study was that the input variables of the model were only preoperative, while in previous studies, having information about some of the surgery stages, such as quality of the egg and the like, was required to anticipate the result of the surgery.
Results: The obtained accuracy using the decision tree and support vector machine methods were 70.3% and 75.7%, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that the support vector machine method had a better performance compared to the decision tree method. Presented model predicts the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a clinical pregnancy follows (ICSI), with a precision of 75.7%.
Elham Saffarieh; Setare Nassiri; Ramin Pazoki
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 157-163
Abstract
Background & Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Semnan University of Medical Sciences in 2015 and compare it with the existing evaluation conducted in 2002 to promote the quality of education in this department.
Materials & Methods: An accreditation ...
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Background & Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Semnan University of Medical Sciences in 2015 and compare it with the existing evaluation conducted in 2002 to promote the quality of education in this department.
Materials & Methods: An accreditation pattern was used in the current study. In 2000, the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Amir-al-Momenin Teaching Hospital in Semnan designed its internal evaluation pattern, in which all educational, research, and therapeutic goals, institutional and organizational status, educational process, and equipment availability status were examined. A total of 40 questionnaires were applied. In each questionnaire, the criteria were scored from 1 to 5 (very poor to excellent). Gorman’s classification was employed for final analysis and a score lower than 2.51 was considered as unsatisfactory.
Results: In this evaluation, the educational goals achieved a score of 4.3 and were in the strong range of Gorman’s classification. The educational programs obtained a score of 5 and were in the range of very strong. Both educational goals and educational programs showed a significant progress compared to 2002. The educational process with a score of 3.11 was more than satisfactory; the therapeutic goals with a score of 4.3 were in the strong range; the institutional and organizational status of the department with a score of 4.43 was in the strong range; and the research goals with a score of 5 were in the strong range. Additionally, space, human resources, and equipment scored 4.4 based on Gorman’s classification and were in the strong range.
Conclusion: Overall, based on the obtained results, the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department with a score of 4.23 was in the strong range of Gorman’s classification, indicating its desirable status. Moreover, the therapeutic-research and educational goals showed a significant progress compared to 2002.
Behnaz Moradi; Shohreh Sadrarhami; Masoumeh Banihashemian; Masoumeh Gity; Ahmad-Reza Tahmasebpour; Mohamad Ali Kazemi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 165-168
Abstract
Background & Objective: Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are uncommon germ cell tumors with significant perinatal and postnatal mortality and morbidity rate.
Case Report: We present a case of large fast growing (86x63mm) mostly cystic SCT in a 27-year-old woman with 23 weeks of gestational age ...
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Background & Objective: Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are uncommon germ cell tumors with significant perinatal and postnatal mortality and morbidity rate.
Case Report: We present a case of large fast growing (86x63mm) mostly cystic SCT in a 27-year-old woman with 23 weeks of gestational age and normal first trimester ultrasound exam. The fetus was evaluated by both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography.
Conclusion: Findings regarding tumor location, size, and content were similar for both sonography and MRI methods, though vascular pattern was detected with higher accuracy and more details by sonography. Meanwhile, MRI provided more appropriate information about tumor effects on surrounding tissue and conus location.
Nafiseh Faghih; Maliheh Arab
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 169-171
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in developed countries. Survival rate in metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma recurrence is reduced, and treatment in these patients is mostly palliative. One of the therapeutic options in the endometrial ...
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Background & Objective: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in developed countries. Survival rate in metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma recurrence is reduced, and treatment in these patients is mostly palliative. One of the therapeutic options in the endometrial adenocarcinoma recurrence is hormone therapy. The expected response to the hormonal treatment is about 10-20%.
Case Report: This is a case report from 57-year-old woman suffering from stage IA - Grade 1 endometrial cancer, who had vaginal carcinoma recurrence with liver and pulmonary metastasis 5.5 years after the initial treatment. Due to positive hormone receptor and the pathological profile of the tumor, hormone therapy with tamoxifen and megestrol was started. The treatment evaluation revealed complete response within five months with clearance of lung and liver metastatic lesions. There is no evidence of disease and metastases in the patient's examination and imaging after 3 years of starting hormone therapy.
Conclusion: In the case of well-differentiated recurrent and metastatic endometrial cancer, good response to the hormone therapy by the least complications might be achieved.
Sedigheh Ayati; Leila Pourali; Atiyeh Vatanchi; Lida Jedi; Zahra Mohades Ardebili
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 173-176
Abstract
Background & Objective: HELLP syndrome is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count; it probably shows a severe form of preeclampsia. This syndrome usually occurs in third trimester of pregnancy and may be associated with severe complications, including subcapsular ...
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Background & Objective: HELLP syndrome is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count; it probably shows a severe form of preeclampsia. This syndrome usually occurs in third trimester of pregnancy and may be associated with severe complications, including subcapsular liver hematoma, eclampsia, pulmonary edema, liver or renal dysfunction, and even maternal death. This study aimed to report a case of maternal death misdiagnosis of HELLP syndrome.
Case Report: A 28-year-old pregnant woman with gestational age of 28 weeks referred to an emergency ward because of epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. She was discharged after receiving outpatient treatment. The next day, she was referred to the hospital because of seizure, decreased level of consciousness, and hypertension. A cesarean section was performed immediately. Unfortunately, some hours after the surgery, cardiac arrest occurred and she died in intensive care unit (ICU).
Conclusion: Nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain in the late second or third trimester of pregnancy are among the significant symptoms which should be seriously taken into consideration. Therefore, it is recommended that a patient be hospitalized and precise evaluation be performed to rule out the life-threatening differential diagnoses, like HELLP syndrome, and to prevent dangerous complications which can lead to maternal death.
Atieh Mirfendereski; Khadigeh Abadian
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November and December 2018, Pages 177-180
Abstract
Background & Objective: Given the impact of endometriosis on patients’ social lives, marital relationships, and fertility and on reducing these people’s quality of life, its proper diagnosis and treatment seem vital. This study aimed to report a case of rectus muscle endometriosis and ...
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Background & Objective: Given the impact of endometriosis on patients’ social lives, marital relationships, and fertility and on reducing these people’s quality of life, its proper diagnosis and treatment seem vital. This study aimed to report a case of rectus muscle endometriosis and the way it was managed.
Case Report: The patient was a 30-year-old woman who had a history of dysmenorrhea and chronic pain for 2 years after her first delivery which was performed by cesarean section. During ultrasonography conducted on the anterior abdominal wall of the midline, a mass indicating endometriosis was observed in the abdominal wall at the site of the cesarean section incision scar and in the thickness of the rectus muscle. After the termination of pregnancy and during the cesarean section, the mass was removed and the patient’s symptoms subsided.
Conclusion: To manage endometriosis a patient’s complete records and imaging techniques can be effective.
