Iranian Society of Gynecology Oncology

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Nursing, Ministry of Health/ Diwaniyah Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq

2 Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract

Background & Objective: Antenatal care service satisfaction is a measure of the degree to which a woman seeking care is happy with the antenatal care service provided to her. As well as, the pregnant women satisfaction is a first indicator about the quality of antenatal care. This study aimed to identify if the reproductive factors can predict the level of satisfaction towards ANC.
Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Diwaniyah in primary health care centers for the period from October 1st, 2022 to March 1st, 2023. The study sample consisted of 150 pregnant women who were selected according to a non-probability sampling approach. The questionnaire was validated according to experts and its reliability was verified through a pilot study. The total number of items included in the questionnaire was 38 items. Data were collected using interviews and analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.
Results: The results of the study indicate that the average age of pregnant women is 27.8 years, (30%) of primary school graduates, and (62%) of housewives, (34.7%) of them expressed more than 900,000 Iraqi dinars as a monthly income, and (60.7%) of them live in the regions Urban area. The results showed that the level of satisfaction was relatively moderate (48%). The reproductive related factors of pregnant women such as number of abortions, number of visits to ANC and gestational age are predicted variables of satisfaction.
Conclusion: The most of influencing related factors are number of abortions, number of visits of ANC and gestational age are considered predicted the level of satisfaction. Decision makers in the Health Directorate should be employed based on quality guidelines in order to improve antenatal care services compared to international standards and take into consideration reproductive characteristics in providing those services.

Highlights

✅ The most of influencing related factors are number of abortions, number of visits of ANC and gestational age are considered predicted the level of satisfaction. Decision makers in the Health Directorate should be employed based on quality guidelines in order to improve antenatal care services compared to international standards and take into consideration reproductive characteristics in providing those services.

Keywords

Main Subjects

1. Csace I. Ethiopia demographic and health survey 2016. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Rockville, Maryland. USA: CSA and ICF; 2016.
2. Haftu A, Hagos H, Mehari M-AB, G/her B. Pregnant women adherence level to antenatal care visit and its effect on perinatal outcome among mothers in Tigray Public Health institutions, 2017: cohort study. BMC Res Notes. 2018;11(1):872. [DOI:10.1186/s13104-018-3987-0] [PMID] [PMCID]
3. World Health O. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990-2015: estimates from WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division: World Health Organization; 2015.
4. Radhi MM. Degree of Disease Acceptance and Health Seeking Behaviors for Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Diabetic Center in Hilla City. Med Leg J. 2020;20(2).
5. Nwaeze IL, Enabor OO, Oluwasola TAO, Aimakhu CO. Perception and satisfaction with quality of antenatal care services among pregnant women at the university college hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Ann Ib Postgrad Med. 2013;11(1):22-8.
6. Wilcox CR, Woodward C, Rowe R, Jones CE. Embedding the delivery of antenatal vaccination within routine antenatal care: a key opportunity to improve uptake. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(5):1221-4. [DOI:10.1080/21645515.2019.1640558] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Mohammed H, Clarke M, Koehler A, Watson M, Marshall H. Factors associated with uptake of influenza and pertussis vaccines among pregnant women in South Australia. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0197867. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0197867] [PMID] [PMCID]
8. Radhi MM. Evaluation of Consumers' Satisfaction towards Rural Primary Health Care Services in Babylon Governorate. Int j sci res Pub. 2016;6.
9. Dauletyarova MA, Semenova YM, Kaylubaeva G, Manabaeva GK, Toktabayeva B, Zhelpakova MS, et al. Are Kazakhstani women satisfied with antenatal care? Implementing the WHO tool to assess the quality of antenatal services. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(2):325. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph15020325] [PMID] [PMCID]
10. Hsai NM, Matsui M, Ng CFS, Khaing CT, Imoto A, Sayed AM, et al. Satisfaction of Pregnant Women with Antenatal Care Services at Women and Children Hospital in South Okkalapa, Myanmar: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study Triangulated with Qualitative Study. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2020;14:2489-99. [DOI:10.2147/PPA.S266916] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Hijazi HH, Alyahya MS, Sindiani AM, Saqan RS, Okour AM. Determinants of antenatal care attendance among women residing in highly disadvantaged communities in northern Jordan: a cross-sectional study. Reprod Health. 2018;15(1):1-18. [DOI:10.1186/s12978-018-0542-3] [PMID] [PMCID]
12. Emiru AA, Alene GD, Debelew GT. Women's satisfaction with the quality of antenatal care services rendered at public health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia: the application of partial proportional odds model. BMJ Open. 2020;10(9):e037085. [DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037085] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. Juma HS, Abdulwahid HS. Evaluation of Quality Assurance at Sub Primary Health Care Center in Basra City. Pakistan J Medical Health Sci. 2022;16(03):1029-. [DOI:10.53350/pjmhs221631029]
14. Shabila NP, Ahmed HM, Yasin MY. Women's views and experiences of antenatal care in Iraq: a Q methodology study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14(1):1-11. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2393-14-43] [PMID] [PMCID]
15. Selgado MB, Dukele YH, Amamo DD. Determinants of focused antenatal care service satisfaction in public health facilities in Ethiopia 2018: a mixed study design. J Public Health Epidemiol. 2019;11(8):158-69.
16. Jasim BJ, Khalifa MF. Evaluation of Quality of Primary Health Care Services at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City: A Comparative Study. Iraqi Natl J Nurse Spec. 2018;31(1).
17. Yaser AA, Hussein AFA. Assessment of antenatal care services among pregnant women's in Al-Hilla City. Kufa j nurs sci. 2015;5(3). [DOI:10.36321/kjns.vi20153.2802]
18. Mohammed AA-A. Practices of Early Childhood's Mothers Regarding Toilet Training at Primary Health Care Centers in Al-Rusafa District in Baghdad City. Iraqi Natl J Nurse Spec. 2021;34(1):30-7. [DOI:10.58897/injns.v34i1.457]
19. Hussain E, Mohammed Z. Parents' Attitudes toward Immunization and its Relation with Pediatric Immunization Compliance at Primary Health Care Centers in Karbala City, Iraq. Iraqi Natl J Nurse Spec. 2021;34(1):50-8. [DOI:10.58897/injns.v34i1.460]
20. Khleel H. Evaluation of Pregnancy-related Health Behaviors' Change during Pregnancy for Pregnant Women Attending Abo Ghareeb Primary Health Care Sector. Iraqi Natl J Nurse Spec. 2021;34(1):59-68. [DOI:10.58897/injns.v34i1.461]
21. Jaafar SK. Assessment of Women Satisfaction with Pregnancy Outcome and Using of Immediate Contraceptive Postnatal at Baghdad Maternity Hospitals. Pakistan J Medical Health Sci. 2022;16(08):453-. [DOI:10.53350/pjmhs22168453]
22. Abebe S, Alemayehu A, Gebremariam A, Dirar A. Quality of antenatal care service in public health facilities of Chencha District, Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia. MOJ Womens Health. 2017;4(3):00086. [DOI:10.15406/mojwh.2017.04.00086]
23. Tetui M, Ekirapa EK, Bua J, Mutebi A. Quality of Antenatal care services in eastern Uganda: implications for interventions. Pan Afr Med J. 2012;13(1). [DOI:10.11604/pamj.2012.13.27.1427] [PMID] [PMCID]
24. Abate TM, Abeba A. Evaluation of the quality of antenatal care (ANC) service at higher 2 health center in Jimma, South West Ethiopia. Open Access Libr. 2015;2(04):1. [DOI:10.4236/oalib.1101398]
25. Tekelehaymanot G. Assessment of quality of antenatal care service provision and associated factor at governmental health facilities of Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia, 2017. J Gen Pract. 2018;6(4):367. [DOI:10.4172/2329-9126.1000367]
26. Birhanu S, Demena M, Baye Y, Desalew A, Dawud B, Egata G. Pregnant women's satisfaction with antenatal care services and its associated factors at public health facilities in the Harari region, Eastern Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med. 2020;8:2050312120973480. [DOI:10.1177/2050312120973480] [PMID] [PMCID]
27. Oladapo OT, Iyaniwura CA, Sule-Odu AO. Quality of antenatal services at the primary care level in southwest Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health. 2008;12(3).
28. Kamil A, Khorshid E. Maternal perceptions of antenatal care provision at a tertiary level hospital, Riyadh. Oman Med J. 2013;28(1):33. [DOI:10.5001/omj.2013.07] [PMID] [PMCID]
29. Tesfaye T, Mekonnen H, Negesa L. Maternal antenatal care service satisfaction and factors associated with rural health centers, Bursa District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. J Womens Health Care. 2017;6(363):4-20.
30. Seyoum K. Determinants of antenatal care service satisfaction among women in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2021;2022. [DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-418045/v1]
31. Roomruangwong C, Kanchanatawan B, Sirivichayakul S, Maes M. High incidence of body image dissatisfaction in pregnancy and the postnatal period: Associations with depression, anxiety, body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2017;13:103-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.srhc.2017.08.002] [PMID]
32. Chemir F, Alemseged F, Workneh D. Satisfaction with focused antenatal care service and associated factors among pregnant women attending focused antenatal care at health centers in Jimma town, Jimma zone, South West Ethiopia; a facility based cross-sectional study triangulated with qualitative study. BMC Res Notes. 2014;7:1-8. [DOI:10.1186/1756-0500-7-164] [PMID] [PMCID]