Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fatemeh Keikha; Mahnaz Veisian
Volume 6, Issue 4 , August 2021, , Pages 174-180
Abstract
Background & Objective: Some studies have suggested the association between the risk of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. So, we aimed to compare the serum lipid levels of postmenopausal women with reduced bone density to serum lipid levels of those with normal bone density.Materials & Methods: In ...
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Background & Objective: Some studies have suggested the association between the risk of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. So, we aimed to compare the serum lipid levels of postmenopausal women with reduced bone density to serum lipid levels of those with normal bone density.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all 48-65 year-old women, menopause for more than 1 year prior to the study, who referred to Akbarabadi Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during September 2011-March 2013 were recruited. They underwent bone densitometry using the Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Method and were divided into two groups: normal density (control group) and low density (case group). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured. After 14 hours, fasting serum levels of lipid, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and HbA1C were checked. Hypercholesterolemia, as low high density lipoprotein (HDL) (<35 mg/dL) and high cholesterol levels (>200 mg/dL), were compared between the groups in addition to low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels.Results: The data of 241 women were analyzed. The mean±SD levels of serum TC were 192±24.7 and 185±19 mg/dL, in the case and control groups, respectively (P < /em>=0.009), and that of serum LDL levels were 112±20.2 and 105±17 g/dL, respectively (P < /em>=0.005). There was a significant and negative correlation between the women’s Z-score and their cholesterol level (r=-0.162, P < /em>=0.012). Regression results revealed that the following factors significantly affected Z-score: BMI, LDL, TC, and duration of menopause.Conclusion: Serum LDL and TC levels were higher in menopausal women with reduced bone density, which indicates the relationship between hypercholesterolemia and reduced bone density.
Soheila Aminimoghaddam; Nastaran Abolghasem
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 5-11
Abstract
Vasomotor symptoms, also known as hot flashes, can be defined as a sensation of heat, intense sweating, and flushing, which are experienced episodically by many perimenopausal women. This sensation usually affects the face, neck, and chest. It is estimated that about 75% to 80% of women would suffer ...
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Vasomotor symptoms, also known as hot flashes, can be defined as a sensation of heat, intense sweating, and flushing, which are experienced episodically by many perimenopausal women. This sensation usually affects the face, neck, and chest. It is estimated that about 75% to 80% of women would suffer from hot flashes at some point during their perimenopausal years. A decline in oestrogen levels during menopause seems to be responsible for the appearance of hot flashes. This decline increases norepinephrine levels, leading to an up-regulation of serotonin receptors in the hypothalamus, which are involved in temperature regulation. The outcome of the activation of this norepinephrine serotonin pathway is believed to be the narrower thermoregulation zone, which in turn results in a greater risk of crossing the upper and lower thresholds of the thermoregulatory zone. Thus, it causes sweats and chills in this group of women. The most known effective treatment of hot flashes is hormone replacement therapy (HRT); however, in recent years, other non-hormonal options have become available for those women who cannot or do not want to take HRT.
Zinat Ghanbari; Tahereh Foroughifar; Jayran Zebardast; Samrand Salimi; Saman Tootoonchi; Sara Shabihkhani; Mahnaz Mokhtari Garakani; Tayebeh Forooghifar
Volume 2, Issue 2 , May and June 2017
Abstract
Background: It seems that some herbal medicines such as sage or vitagnus traditionally used as treatment agents are effective on menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes; therefore, the current study aimed at assessing the effect of vitagnus on menopausal symptoms.
Methods: The current study was a ...
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Background: It seems that some herbal medicines such as sage or vitagnus traditionally used as treatment agents are effective on menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes; therefore, the current study aimed at assessing the effect of vitagnus on menopausal symptoms.
Methods: The current study was a prospective clinical trial conducted on 100 menopausal patients divided into 3 groups. In each group, hot flash was treated with vitagnus, sage, or placebo pills and patients were followed-up at the days 15 and 30 after the treat- ment. The data were analyzed by descriptive (percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential (chi-square, t-test, McNa-mara, repeated ANOVA) statistics with SPSS software, version 21 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA).
Results: Average of hot flash in vitagnus group was 55.19 ± 14.53; it was also 60.26 ± 14.44 and 60.73 ± 12.30 in the sage and control groups. According to the Cooperman questionnaire score, comparison of hot flash data showed no significant difference between the groups before treatment (the Cooperman questionnaire score < 14) (P = 0.894), (15 - 20) (P = 0.262), (21 - 35) (P = 0.800), (35 < the Cooperman questionnaire score) (P = 0.867). The current study analysis showed no significant difference between the groups in the severity of menopause symptoms at 15-day follow-up (the Cooperman questionnaire score < 14) (P = 0.477), (the Cooperman’s questionnaire score 15 to 20) (P = 0.620), (the Cooperman questionnaire score 21 to 35) (P = 0.243), (35 < the Cooperman questionnaire score) (P = 0.278). But, the severity of menopause symptoms at 30-day follow-up showed significant differences between the groups, except between 15 - 20 and 21 - 35 scores (the Cooperman questionnaire score < 14) (P = 0.306), (15 - 20) (P = 0.005), (21 - 35) (P = 0.007), (35 < the Cooperman questionnaire score) (P = 0.785).
Conclusions: The results of the current study showed that vitagnus and sage were effective on the reduction of menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal females. The effect of placebo on the improvement of menopausal symptoms was significant and it is recommended to be used as an agent to reduce the psychological outcomes of menopause.
Setareh Akhavan
Volume 1, Issue 1 , May and June 2016
