Obstetrics and Gynecology
Uchenna Kenneth Ezemagu; Godwin Chinedu Uzomba; Chukwuemeka Ubochi; Rachel Ogbu; Augustine Oseloka Ibegbu; Friday Chubuzor Egba; Olisa Onuora; Paul O. Ezeonu; Thecla Ezeonu
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 174-184
Abstract
Background & Objective: We considered maternal and birth anthropometric features and fetal sex in developing a labor protocol.Materials & Methods: A prospective study of 400 mothers, having healthy pregnancies and their newborn singletons in gynecology ward of Alex Ekwueme Federal University ...
Read More
Background & Objective: We considered maternal and birth anthropometric features and fetal sex in developing a labor protocol.Materials & Methods: A prospective study of 400 mothers, having healthy pregnancies and their newborn singletons in gynecology ward of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki. The study adopted a convenient sampling technique to select the volunteers from 1st July to December 2020. Birth and maternal anthropometries; BMI, height, weight, birth head girth (BHG), waist girth (WG), hip girth (HG) and delivery outcomes: birth mode and duration of 1st and 2nd phases of labor, and Apgar score at 1 minute of birth were measured, using Institute of Medicine guidelines.Results: Maternal age, weight, and HG, and WG at term pregnancy and fetal sex could determine birth mode and weight (P<0.05). The associations for duration of 1st phase of labor and maternal and birth anthropometries were inconsistent. Fetal sex, birth mode and features and maternal anthropometries; body fat, age, BMI and HG were associated with duration of 2nd phase of labor and Apgar score.Conclusion: Maternal anthropometries predispose birth features, and advance age of mothers, relatively large WHR and fetal macrosomia at term pregnancy could increase duration of 2nd phase of labor and risk of a male birth, developing abnormal Apgar score. The strong association between anthropometric variables of a mother and her baby suggests that anthropometric investigations could enhance the choice of birth mode and minimize vaginal birth complications. The study emphasized on the need of a sex specific state-of-the art anthropometric investigations at term pregnancy.
Gynecology Oncology
Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei; Moslem Taheri Soodejani; Hamid Reza Shoraka; Marzieh Mahmoudimanesh; Saeid Eslami; Azimeh Ghaderi
Volume 7, Issue 3 , January and February 2022, , Pages 200-205
Abstract
Background and Objective: Breast cancer is a malignant lesion caused by abnormal changes and growth in breast tissue epithelial cells, including glands, lobules, and larynx. Therefore, the current study's objective was to estimate the incidence of breast and cervical intraepithelial lesions in Iran. ...
Read More
Background and Objective: Breast cancer is a malignant lesion caused by abnormal changes and growth in breast tissue epithelial cells, including glands, lobules, and larynx. Therefore, the current study's objective was to estimate the incidence of breast and cervical intraepithelial lesions in Iran. This study is based on results from a screening program implemented in the province of Isfahan, Iran.Methods: Two stages of cancer screening were performed in the study on over 250000 women in 2018.Results: As a result of this study, it was determined that in 2018, there was an incidence of 422 benign breast tumors per 100 000 women (95% CI: 393-450). Also, the incidence of breast cancer was 65 (95% CI: 54-76) per 100 000 women, and that of Cervical intraepithelial lesions was 45 (95% CI: 27-63) per 100 000 women in 2018.Conclusion: This study revealed that breast cancer and cervical intraepithelial lesions are increasing in Isfahan province. Moreover, it was found that screening for these 2 cancers leads to early detection of patients, which results in early treatment and an increase in the 5-year survival rate in these patients.
Gynecology Oncology
Hemant Kumar Sharma
Volume 6, Issue 4 , August 2021, , Pages 224-227
Abstract
Malignant pericardial effusion presenting with cardiac tamponade is a rare manifestation of metastatic gynecological cancer. Our patient, a 62-year-old female was presented with papillary serous adenocarcinoma of the right ovary in 2016. She was treated with interval cytoreduction surgery and platinum-based ...
Read More
Malignant pericardial effusion presenting with cardiac tamponade is a rare manifestation of metastatic gynecological cancer. Our patient, a 62-year-old female was presented with papillary serous adenocarcinoma of the right ovary in 2016. She was treated with interval cytoreduction surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy until 2018. Now, she presented with sudden onset dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia with hypotension, and distended jugular venous pressure. Echocardiography confirmed a large pericardial effusion with mild bilateral pleural effusion. She underwent an emergent pericardiocentesis which yielded 350 mL of hemorrhagic fluid and cytological examination of smears confirmed the presence of metastatic adenocarcinoma cells. The patient was managed conservatively and discharged after one week of hospitalization with a referral to the oncology center for further treatment. With increasing longevity and improved chemotherapeutic regimens, cases of malignant pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade are on the rise, and therefore, clinicians need to be familiar with the prompt diagnosis and management of this life-threatening disease process.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Soudabeh Kazemi Aski; Seyedeh Hajar Sharami; Morvarid Ghasab Shirazi; Ezat Hesni; Seyedeh Fatemeh Dalil Heirati; Misa Naghdipour; Alireza Forozan; Maryam Ghalandari; Forozan Milani
Volume 8, Issue 3 , May and June 2023, , Pages 268-276
Abstract
Background & Objective: The Covid-19 pandemic can cause complications for pregnant women and more serious maternal, fetal and neonatal care related to this disease should be considered in health systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The Covid-19 pandemic can cause complications for pregnant women and more serious maternal, fetal and neonatal care related to this disease should be considered in health systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease.Materials & Methods: We performed a prospective study with a longitudinal design of all pregnant women hospitalized due to moderate and severe COVID-19 referred to Al-Zahra hospital, Rasht, Iran. After patient discharge, patients were followed until delivery, maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes were assessed by a 4-part researcher-made questionnaire.Results: In total, 166 pregnant women with Covid-19 were included in the study. The median gestational age in patients was 35.5 weeks and the median delivery age was 38 weeks. Delivery in 137 (82.5%) women were cesarean section and 29 (17.5%) had a vaginal delivery. The most common clinical symptoms among patients were fever, cough, and dyspnea with 50.9%, 38.5%, and 31.5% frequency, respectively, 9.6% had poor prenatal outcomes, 15 patients (9%) were admitted to ICU and 4 patients died (2.4%). Poor maternal outcomes were reported in 61.5% of patients with severe clinical symptoms, (p <0.001). There was no significant relationship between the severity of the disease and the type of delivery (p = 0.41).Conclusion: In our study we observed an increase in poor maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes particularly in pregnant women with severe symptoms, although careful care is still recommended for affected pregnant women to reduce fetal, neonatal, and maternal complications. Further research will be needed to devise plan for pregnancy care and future health care crises.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Hamideh Gholami; Sanaz Fayazi; Maryam Shirshekan; Nima Motamed; Shabnam Tofighi
Volume 7, Issue 4 , March and April 2022, , Pages 335-340
Abstract
Background & Objective: Conflicting results have been reported about the association between vitamin D and preeclampsia. The aim of the current study is to compare the serum levels of vitamin D in preeclamptic, and non-preeclamptic pregnant women admitted to the Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan.Materials ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Conflicting results have been reported about the association between vitamin D and preeclampsia. The aim of the current study is to compare the serum levels of vitamin D in preeclamptic, and non-preeclamptic pregnant women admitted to the Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan.Materials & Methods: In this case-control study, 120 pregnant women were selected using convenience sampling in Zanjan in 2018-2019. Then they were divided into two groups, preeclampsia and non- preeclampsia. Both groups were matched one by one. The data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire and a researcher-made checklist. After obtaining consent from participants, blood samples were collected using the peripheral venous catheter. Then the ELISA test was used to measure vitamin D in participants. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using, independent t-test, and Chi-square test (P < /em>≤0.05).Results: Of the participants, 64 (53.4 %) were between 20-35 years old, 48 (40%) were older than 35 years, and 8 (6%) were younger than 20 years. Most of the participants' gestational age was between 34 and 39 weeks (89.1%). The Mean (SD) of serum level of vitamin D was significantly higher in healthy pregnant women (19.06 (7.48)) than women with preeclampsia (16.60 (5.87)) (P < /em><0.01). Among those with preeclampsia, the highest vitamin D level (17.17) was observed at 37-39 weeks of gestation. The lowest level (10.8) was for those with less than 34 weeks gestational age.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that vitamin D could be a protective factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women. However, further studies are recommended.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Tyurina Natalya Alexandrovna; Fomicheva Tatyana Vladimirovna; Laksaev Vladislav Petrovich; Naumova Irina Sergeevna; Goryachkina Daria Valerievna; Minashkina Alina Sergeevna; Shukshina Olga Ivanovna; Kanunova Tatyana Andreevna
Volume 8, Issue 4 , July and August 2023, , Pages 382-388
Abstract
Background & Objective: There is a well-established link between multiple pregnancies and assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). Increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality are directly related to multiple pregnancies. The purpose of the current study is to examine the effects ...
Read More
Background & Objective: There is a well-established link between multiple pregnancies and assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). Increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality are directly related to multiple pregnancies. The purpose of the current study is to examine the effects of multiple pregnancies on women using various reproductive techniques.Materials & Methods: This study used a comparative-analytical approach. We assessed a cohort of 130 pregnant women of which 120 had twins and 10 had triplets. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were performed on 62.0% of women, while 6.0% had ovulation induction. Using ultrasound examination, twin and triplet pregnancies were found in 92% and 8%, respectively.Results: Our results show that 11% of women experience the physiological course of pregnancy with multiple pregnancies. Pregnancy concludes in the delivery of twins only in 50% of patients with multiple pregnancies diagnosed by ultrasound examination before 10 weeks. It was found that 46% of births in women carrying multiple pregnancies happened prematurely after studying more than 100 births. Of these, 6% occurred before 28 weeks, 20% between 29 and 34 weeks, and 20% between 35 and 37 weeks.Conclusion: Preeclampsia and placental insufficiency are more likely to occur in multiple pregnancies than in single pregnancies. As a result, at the beginning of the second trimester, all preventative measures should be implemented. Although abdominal delivery is not the preferred option for multiple pregnancies, there is a need to increase the indications for surgical delivery for the benefit of the fetuses.
Reproductive Medicine
Ayman S. Dawood; Walid M. Atallah; Tamer M. Assar
Volume 7, Issue 5 , July and August 2022, , Pages 437-444
Abstract
Background & Objective: Secondary infertility resulting from tubal adhesions following cesarean section are not uncommon. The decision to do adhesiolysis or direct IVF/ICSI is to some extent difficult. This study was conducted to evaluate the benefits/risks of either adhesiolysis or direct IVF/ICSI ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Secondary infertility resulting from tubal adhesions following cesarean section are not uncommon. The decision to do adhesiolysis or direct IVF/ICSI is to some extent difficult. This study was conducted to evaluate the benefits/risks of either adhesiolysis or direct IVF/ICSI for patients with secondary infertility due to post-cesarean tubal adhesions.Materials & Methods: Three hundred infertile women with post-cesarean adhesion were recruited and divided into 2 groups either laparoscopic adhesiolysis or ICSI procedure.Results: Demographic data of enrolled patients in both groups were comparable. Regarding types of adhesions, mild adhesions were found in (47.65%) cases, moderate adhesions in (24.83%) cases and severe adhesions in (27.52%) cases. Pregnancy rates were found to be higher in cases with mild adhesions (62.67%) when compared to cases with moderate or severe adhesions (28.00%) and (9.33%) respectively. The overall pregnancy rate in group 1 was 67 (44.97%), while it was 83 (55.70%) in group 2. The pregnancy rate was higher in group 2 but didn't reach statistical significance. The cost of the procedure was significantly higher in group 2 but with significantly lower complication rates. Conclusion: Although assisted reproduction gives the patient higher pregnancy rates with less possibility of complications, it should not be considered the first-choice treatment for patients with post-cesarean adhesions, especially in mild and moderate cases.
Gynecology Oncology
Behnaz Nouri; Malihe Arab; Nazli Najeddin Choukan
Volume 8, Issue 5 , September and October 2023, , Pages 494-500
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometriosis is a common and benign disease of the female genital system, which is often seen in reproductive age and leads to infertility, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomical location and characteristics of endometriosis ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Endometriosis is a common and benign disease of the female genital system, which is often seen in reproductive age and leads to infertility, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomical location and characteristics of endometriosis lesions in laparoscopic surgery.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 557 endometriosis patients who referred to the gynecology department of Shohadaye-Tajrish Hospital and underwent laparoscopic surgery during 2016-2021 were evaluated. Statistical analysis of data was done using SPSS software version 24.P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant level.Results: The results of this study show that the highest anatomical distribution of endometriosis lesions was ovarian endometriosis, and the lowest was vagina. Also, the highest rate of surface lesions is uterus and bladder, and the lowest is superficial lesions of the cul-de-sac cyst.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the distribution of endometriosis lesions is asymmetric.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Zahra Panahi; Seyedeh Noushin Ghalandarpoor-Attar; Azade Shabani; Mamak Shariat; Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh; Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh; Elham Feizabad; Seyedeh Mojgan Ghalandarpoor-Attar
Volume 7, Issue 6 , September and October 2022, , Pages 536-542
Abstract
Background & Objective: The thymus gland significantly affects fetal immune system maturation. Additionally, there is a linear association between thymus gland size and its performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran and scarce studies with conflicting results, subjecting ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The thymus gland significantly affects fetal immune system maturation. Additionally, there is a linear association between thymus gland size and its performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran and scarce studies with conflicting results, subjecting maternal vitamin D concentration effect on fetal thymus, we decided to investigate maternal vitamin D concentration and its relation to fetal thymus size in mid-gestation. This study also aimed to generate a race-specific reference range.Materials & Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of ultrasound measurements of the fetal thymus at 18-22 weeks of gestational age in 94 pregnant women and its correlation with maternal serum vitamin D levels from May to July 2021 at the tertiary center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran.Results: The mean values of thymus perimeter, thymus-thoracic ratio, thymus transverse diameter, and thymus area in all participants were 4.18±0.56 cm, 0.37±0.04, 1.56±0.21 cm, and 1.11±0.76 cm2, respectively. There was a trend toward decreased thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with decreasing level of maternal vitamin D. There was also a significant correlation between thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with fetal biometric indices and gestational age. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter. Conclusion: We generated a race-specific nomogram for fetal thymus size in Iranian pregnant women. Moreover, the observed trend toward decreased fetal thymus size with decreasing maternal vitamin D levels requires further prospective investigations. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and low compliance with daily vitamin D intake during pregnancy was also shown, which requires a solution.
General Gynecology and Pelvic Floor
Behnaz Nouri; Ladan Ajori; Zohreh Ahmadvand; Saba Fahimhi
Volume 8, Issue 6 , November and December 2023, , Pages 614-619
Abstract
Background & Objective: Adnexal torsion is a complete or incomplete twisting of the ovary, fallopian tubes, or ovarian cyst around its vascular axis, which can cause blood flow disruption. This disorder is rare but serious and accounts for about 3% of women's emergency surgeries. Early diagnosis ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Adnexal torsion is a complete or incomplete twisting of the ovary, fallopian tubes, or ovarian cyst around its vascular axis, which can cause blood flow disruption. This disorder is rare but serious and accounts for about 3% of women's emergency surgeries. Early diagnosis of this disease and the necessary surgeries are very important to preserve fertility. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, clinical symptoms, imaging and pathology of patients with torsion of the adnexa referred to the emergency rooms of Mahdiyeh and Shohadaye Tajrish hospitals.Materials & Methods: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study. In the present study, 190 patients with torsion of the adnexa were examined in the period 2011–2021, in Mahdiyeh and Shohadaye Tajrish hospitals. Demographic, clinical and surgical information about patients was extracted from medical records. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22 statistical software.Results: The average age of 190 patients was 29.2. Most of the ovarian torsion patients had a history of more than one previous delivery (57.9%) and also, an ovarian mass was observed in 157 patients, and the ovarian mass of 146 patients was larger than 5 cm. The rate of ovarian preservation in this study was 61%. Hemorrhagic cysts were the most common type of cyst in patients and were reported in 37 patients.Conclusion: It is necessary to identify effective diagnostic methods. Therefore, it may be useful to investigate more serum biomarkers for early detection of adnexal torsion and to reduce diagnostic errors.
Gynecology Oncology
Behnaz Nouri; Maliheh Arab; Sare Naz
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 26 April 2024
Abstract
Background & Objective: The etiology of endometriosis is unknown and many hormonal, inflammatory, genetic and environmental factors are effective in the formation of endometriosis. The present study investigated the epidemiology of endometriosis in patients referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The etiology of endometriosis is unknown and many hormonal, inflammatory, genetic and environmental factors are effective in the formation of endometriosis. The present study investigated the epidemiology of endometriosis in patients referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in six years.Materials & Methods: This descriptive study performed on endometriosis Iranian women who referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital between 2016 and 2022. The sample size of this study was determined using the census method, and 711 patients. For analysis SPSS version 22 was used, and results were reported as Mean ± SD. Results: Finally, 711 patients enrolled in this study and the average age of patients was 34.69± 7.53 years and mean age of onset of disease was 29.97±4.61years. More than 55% of patients had healthy weight and normal body mass index. 17.72 percent of patients had history of infertility in her life’s. Conclusion: Endometriosis patients’ life in many aspects, including their job, lifestyle, education, marital status and health care is affected.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sedigheh Ghasemian Dizajmehr; Afshin Mohammadi; Sara Malekshahi Nejad
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January and February 2023, , Pages 63-67
Abstract
Background & Objective: Postpartum hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal morbidity, especially in developing countries, and a major cause of direct maternal death worldwide. Considering the importance of timely postpartum hemorrhage management and access to low-risk methods, assessing ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Postpartum hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal morbidity, especially in developing countries, and a major cause of direct maternal death worldwide. Considering the importance of timely postpartum hemorrhage management and access to low-risk methods, assessing the efficacy of uterine artery embolization (UAE) is essential. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the success rate and outcomes of UAE in the treatment of delayed postpartum hemorrhage.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on women with delayed postpartum hemorrhage who were referred to the gynecology and obstetrics clinic of a referral hospital in Urmia city under treatment of UAE. The census method was used for choosing the patients and all women with delayed postpartum hemorrhage between April 2019 and March 2020 were entered into the study.Results: During the study period, he number of 22 women with delayed postpartum hemorrhage were entered into the study. The mean age of the women was 29.36±5.09 years. The success rate of UAE was 95.6%. The number of 20 (90.9%) cases did not report complications. For one case, UAE complication was associated with amenorrhea and for the other one with vaginal bleeding.Conclusion: The results showed that the UAE method as an effective method with high efficacy and low complications can be considered a suitable choice for the treatment of delayed postpartum hemorrhage.
Reproductive Medicine
Saeide Saeidi; Elham Javadian; Sima Saravani; Mehrangiz Ghafari; Asal Khosravi
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January and February 2024, , Pages 76-82
Abstract
Background & Objective: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common asymptomatic infectious diseases during pregnancy, which is mostly caused by Escherichia coli infection, which, if not diagnosed and treated, causes harm to the mother and the fetus.Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common asymptomatic infectious diseases during pregnancy, which is mostly caused by Escherichia coli infection, which, if not diagnosed and treated, causes harm to the mother and the fetus.Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 50 pregnant women who referred to the outpatient clinic of Zabol hospital center after completing the questionnaire and examining the patients by obstetrician and gynecologist and ensuring that they were healthy, a sterile mid-stream urine sample was prepared and examined and diagnosed in terms of a complete urine test and placed were and Escherichia coli samples were separated from other colonies by diagnostic tests. The characterization of ZnO-NPs was performed by, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopes, and X-ray diffraction. The antimicrobial activity of ZnO-NPs synthesis in Eucalyptus was studied both in vitro against E. coli clinical isolates from woman.Results: The results of the analyzes showed that the zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in a polyhedral to round shape and the size of the nanoparticles was 21 nm. The results of the antibiotic resistance pattern investigation showed that the most sensitive to the antibiotic amikacin was and also the minimum inhibitory concentration of synthetic zinc nanoparticles was equal to 1500 μg/ml.Conclusion: In this study, it was found that aqueous extract of Eucalyptus leaves has the ability to produce zinc nanoparticles oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized from zinc sulfate, and the synthetic nanoparticles have shown good antimicrobial properties against antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli bacteria.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Zinah Hammad; Ban J. Edan
Volume 8, Issue 2 , March and April 2023, , Pages 167-172
Abstract
Background & Objective: One of the worldwide healthcare problems is Diabetes mellitus (DM), and the prevalence of this disease increases steadily, particularly in pregnancy. The several metabolic disorders in the pregnancy were revealed by the placenta. The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus ...
Read More
Background & Objective: One of the worldwide healthcare problems is Diabetes mellitus (DM), and the prevalence of this disease increases steadily, particularly in pregnancy. The several metabolic disorders in the pregnancy were revealed by the placenta. The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is associated with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress, and it negatively impacts the mother-placenta-fetus system. This research aims to compare the amount of leptin expression, as well as its score and intensity, in the placentas of women with diabetes with those of healthy controls.Materials & Methods: In this work, we used a case-control methodology. Thirty women were diagnosed with diabetes and were placed in one group, while the other 40 served as a comparison. Primary monoclonal antibodies were used for the immunohistochemical analysis of leptin (Abcam, UK).Results: The patients group showed the greatest percentage (23%) of placental expression of leptin. The expression of leptin was high in around 53% of the patient population. The intensity of leptin expression was significantly higher in DM patient than control groups (P>0.05). About 77% of patients group had moderate intensity of leptin expression, while 37.5% of control group had no leptin expression.Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus was related with alterations in expressions of leptin as metabolic placental factor. Leptin may affect the pregnancy diverse disorders and pregnancy outcome.
Gynecology Oncology
Jorge Cea García; Francisco Márquez Maraver; Inmaculada Rodríguez Jiménez; Laura Ríos-Pena; M. Carmen Rubio Rodríguez
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 185-200
Abstract
Background & Objective: We aimed to compare sexual function and body image among cervical cancer survivors.Materials & Methods: Between August 1, 2016 and January 31, 2019, we conducted a prospective study with 104 participants. The FSFI and the FACT-Cx v.4.0 (B4 and C7) were the measurement ...
Read More
Background & Objective: We aimed to compare sexual function and body image among cervical cancer survivors.Materials & Methods: Between August 1, 2016 and January 31, 2019, we conducted a prospective study with 104 participants. The FSFI and the FACT-Cx v.4.0 (B4 and C7) were the measurement tools.Results: Forty–seven and twelve hundredths percent reported sexual activity, with the surgical group considerably less sexually active than the non-surgical group (63% vs. 100%, P=0.0003). Throughout the follow-up, we found no significant changes in sexual function (P>0.05). A diagnosis of sexual dysfunction was made in 60.58% of cervical cancer survivors, 80.65% following surgery alone, and in 100% after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In comparison with survivors who did not receive radiotherapy, irradiated survivors had lower FSFI total scores (1.2 vs. 21.4, P T1=0.0001; 2.1 vs. 21.75, P T2=0.0002). In comparison with the non–chemotherapy group, the chemotherapy group's scores were considerably lower (1.2 vs. 21.15, P T1 <0.0001; 2.4 vs. 18.95, P T2=0.004). We detected no significant changes in body image scores (P=0.184). Except for T1 time assessment (2 vs. 3, P T1=0.016), no differences in body image between the surgical and non-surgical groups were found throughout the follow-up (P T2=0.992; P T3=0.207; P T4=0.139).Conclusion: The rate of female sexual dysfunction was 60.58%, prevailing after therapeutic multimodality, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Throughout the follow–up, we discovered no significant changes in sexual activity and function, or in body image. In terms of body image, there were no significant differences between the surgical and non–surgical groups.
Gynecology Oncology
Haleh Ayatollahi; Samira Jahangard; Siamak Naji; Zahra Yekta
Volume 7, Issue 3 , January and February 2022, , Pages 206-212
Abstract
Background and Objective: Cervical cancer is a common neoplasm in women, and the role of the HPV virus in the development of precancerous and cancerous cells has been established. There exist different strains of the HPV virus with varied functions. In the high-risk HPV strains, the p16 and ki67 proteins ...
Read More
Background and Objective: Cervical cancer is a common neoplasm in women, and the role of the HPV virus in the development of precancerous and cancerous cells has been established. There exist different strains of the HPV virus with varied functions. In the high-risk HPV strains, the p16 and ki67 proteins play a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle leading to cell proliferation and progression. P16 and ki67 proteins are positive in almost all lesions and indicate a high degree of malignancy. This study aims to investigate the predictive effect of p16 and ki67 on the progression of low-grade intraepithelial lesions to high-grade malignancy.Methods: P16 and ki67 were measured on CIN1 lesions, and during the average two-year follow-up period, the outcome of positive cases was investigated. A total of 106 referred patients between the age of 15 to 75 years were examined from April 2015 to March 2019.Results: Among the patients with progression of CIN1 to CIN2 and other severe lesions, p16 was positive in 14 cases (60.9%), and a significant difference between groups with positive and negative markers in the progression or regression of lesions was noticed. Ki67 frequently occurs in CIN2 and other severe lesions.Conclusion: The use of p16 and ki67 as predictive markers is still under debate. In countries like the United States, these are not yet used separately for prediction but are being used in combination together. The authors of this study strongly recommend the conduction of further studies to assess the role of p16 in association with other markers and within a larger population so as to apply the functional role of p16 and ki67 in the clinical setting thereby effectively preventing it.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Maryam Dehghan; Neda Ebrahimian; Leila Mousavi Seresht
Volume 6, Issue 4 , August 2021, , Pages 228-232
Abstract
Background & Objective: Since the first reported respiratory distress syndrome due to the new version of the coronaviruses family, COVID-19, there is a concern about the possible maternal and perinatal outcome of new infection in a short and even long time, our information about the prognosis ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Since the first reported respiratory distress syndrome due to the new version of the coronaviruses family, COVID-19, there is a concern about the possible maternal and perinatal outcome of new infection in a short and even long time, our information about the prognosis of pregnancy in sync with COVID-19 is limited. What is our task as scientists in eliminating the unknown facts?Materials & Methods: Here we try to present a couple of pregnant cases in their third trimesters of pregnancy that complicated with two contrary complication of COVID-19 infection, intending to illuminate the best management strategy in COVID-19 infected pregnant.Results: The first case had experienced thromboembolism, and also bleeding accident, who fortunately survived unlike the other case, who expired due to multi-organ failure and impossibility of anticoagulant agent administration for the suspected pulmonary thromboembolic accident.Conclusion: The prior report revealed the thrombo-inflammatory and hypoxic effect of COVID-19 that could lead to microvascular thrombosis and progression, which enforce health care providers, introducing the anticoagulant agents to decline COVID-19 mortality, especially in a critically ill patient. Pregnancy is associated with coagulation abnormality which could intensify the COVID-19-induced coagulopathy. But, one should balance the harm and benefit of such a hazard approach, is there any concern about vascular damage of COVID-19 and subsequent bleeding, that could be exacerbated with high dose anticoagulant agent administration? The other question that we want to discuss in the present report is about comparing the cost and benefit of anticoagulant therapy?
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Omarov Nazarbek Bakytbekovich; Ahmed Al-Hili; Duaa Hamid Ali; Aisha Kamal Mahmoud; Entsar Hachim Muhammad; Ahmed S. Abed; Marwa Jabbar Saiwan; Haider Hussain Jlood
Volume 8, Issue 3 , May and June 2023, , Pages 277-284
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer screening is crucial for the early detection and prevention of this disease in women. Due to the prevalence of cervical cancer in Iraq, the current study aimed to improve Pap smear screening practices.Materials & Methods: The present semi-experimental ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer screening is crucial for the early detection and prevention of this disease in women. Due to the prevalence of cervical cancer in Iraq, the current study aimed to improve Pap smear screening practices.Materials & Methods: The present semi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 on 192 Baghdad-based women aged 20 to 60 with active medical records. Two groups of 96 people, intervention and control, were created. The intervention group received training based on the constructs of health belief and stages of change models to enhance Pap smear screening behavior. The control group participated in routine training on Pap smear screening behavior in health centers from health professionals. The participants completed a questionnaire created by the researchers in the pre-test and post-test stages. For data analysis, version 19 of SPSS statistical software and independent t-tests, paired t-tests, chi-square, and Fisher's exact test were utilized.Results: A p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Before the educational intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the stages of behavior change (P>0.05). However, after the educational intervention, the intervention group significantly differed from the control group in the Pap smear screening change (P<0.01). Also, based on the paired t-test, the mean scores of the intervention group's knowledge, susceptibility, severity, barriers, and self-efficacy were significant before and after the intervention (P<0.05). After the intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher Pap smear screening behavior than the control group (P<0.01).Conclusion: The utilization of educational intervention of the stages of change and health beliefs models has proven to be highly effective in bringing individuals to the action stage.
Reproductive Medicine
Hamideh Mohaddesi; Hamid Reza Khalkhali; Tahereh Behrozi-lak; Javad Rasouli; Reyhan Edalat Nemoon; Somayeh Ghasemzadeh
Volume 7, Issue 4 , March and April 2022, , Pages 341-347
Abstract
Background & Objective: Fertility is important in developing personality, and infertility is a disorder that often bears unintended and sometimes untreatable consequences for couples. As an element of personal features, mental health is often related to marital satisfaction. In this study, the ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Fertility is important in developing personality, and infertility is a disorder that often bears unintended and sometimes untreatable consequences for couples. As an element of personal features, mental health is often related to marital satisfaction. In this study, the correlation between mental health and marital satisfaction is investigated in infertile couples referring to the Kosar Infertility Center of Urmia, Iran.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 186 infertile couples referred to Kosar Infertility Center, Iran. They were randomly selected in 2018. The data were collected using General Health Questionnaire and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire completed by the participants. In the present study, to conduct data analysis, SPSS version 25.0 was used along with inferential and descriptive statistics.Results: Idealistic distortion had a significant relationship with mental health in infertile couples (P < /em>=0.015). Moreover, leisure activities (P < /em>=0.043) and financial management (P < /em>=0.017) had a significant inverse relationship with mental health in infertile couples.Conclusion: According to the findings, based on the association between marital satisfaction and mental health, mental health can be improved by solving marital problems and enhancing the satisfaction of infertile couples. Hence, the health status of families is improved, denoting the considerable contribution of family counseling centers.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Berikuly Duman; Ali Abdulhussain Fadhil; Samah Sajad Kadim; Ayad Abas Hasan; Naseer Mehdi Mohammed; Ebtihal Sattar Qasim; Tamara Muayad Abdullah
Volume 8, Issue 4 , July and August 2023, , Pages 389-395
Abstract
Background & Objective: Preeclampsia is related to numerous maternal and fetal complications, like intrauterine increase restriction, preterm delivery, and a raised danger of baby death. In order to determine the predictive amount of uterine artery Doppler sonography indices for neonatal complications ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Preeclampsia is related to numerous maternal and fetal complications, like intrauterine increase restriction, preterm delivery, and a raised danger of baby death. In order to determine the predictive amount of uterine artery Doppler sonography indices for neonatal complications in pregnant patients with preeclampsia, the present study was conducted.Materials & Methods: In 2020, in Alwiyah Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Jadiriah Private Hospital, Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, and Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, 87 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 160 healthy pregnant women participated in the present prospective study. The Doppler signal of the uterine arteries was evaluated during a supine abdominal Doppler ultrasound examination between 26 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. The survey form was updated with information about the birth of the children following the termination of the pregnancy. The data were evaluated using SPSS software (version 19) and independent t, Mann-Whitney, and chi-square tests.Results: The mean uterine artery pulsatility index of mothers with preeclampsia had the greatest sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive amount of predicting a baby's low birth weight at 54.8%, 87.3%, and 91.6%, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive amount of the mean uterine artery resistance index for predicting a baby's low birth weight were 65.2%, 96.4%, and 95.4%, respectively.Conclusion: Although uterine artery indices in Doppler ultrasound do not have a high sensitivity for predicting neonatal complications, abnormal indices can predict low birth weight with high confidence.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Nooshin Amjadi; Nasrin Mansori; Leili Rezaie Kahkha; Mojtaba Ashrafi; Saeedeh Chalaki; Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie
Volume 7, Issue 5 , July and August 2022, , Pages 445-451
Abstract
Background & Objective: Diabetes Mellitus refers to a group of specific metabolic diseases with a hyperglycemic phenotype. The present study compares pregnancy outcomes and nonstress tests (NST) in insulin-treated diabetic women with healthy pregnant women.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Diabetes Mellitus refers to a group of specific metabolic diseases with a hyperglycemic phenotype. The present study compares pregnancy outcomes and nonstress tests (NST) in insulin-treated diabetic women with healthy pregnant women.Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pregnancy outcomes and NST results were evaluated in 45 diabetic pregnant women who had received insulin therapy and 90 healthy pregnant women. The NST tracings of all women were applied and evaluated regarding reactive and non-reactive parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and Fisher's exact test.Results: Our results demonstrated that NST was reactive in 75.6%and was non-reactive in 24.4% of diabetic mothers. There was a significant increase in macrosomia in diabetic mothers with non-reactive NST, while there was no statistical significance between NST results in the two groups. Conclusion: Pregnant women with diabetes are more prone to complications than healthy women. The main complication is the fetal size which leads to difficulties in delivery and increased incidence of cesarean section.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Omarov Nazarbek Bakytbeko; Thaiba Abdulrazzaq; Entsar Hachim Muhammad; Sundus Mohammed Ali Al Bazi; Mazin A. A. Najm; Talib Kh. Hussein; Zahraa Hamzaa Abd Alzahraa; Sarah A. Hamood
Volume 8, Issue 5 , September and October 2023, , Pages 501-508
Abstract
Background & Objective: The birth of a baby with a low birth-weight (LBW), which has numerous consequences, is one of the most significant problems associated with childbirth. By evaluating the factors influencing LBW in infants, therapeutic interventions can be improved to mitigate its effects. ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The birth of a baby with a low birth-weight (LBW), which has numerous consequences, is one of the most significant problems associated with childbirth. By evaluating the factors influencing LBW in infants, therapeutic interventions can be improved to mitigate its effects. In this regard, the present study aims to identify the causes of LBW in infants and assess these causes' impact.Materials & Methods: In the current retrospective observational study, the required data regarding demographic variables and history of pregnancy and childbirth was extracted from 730 electronic records of deliveries performed from Alwiyah Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology in Baghdad in 2021 involving infants with LBW. The SPSS.23 software,the t-test, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results' significance level was deemed to be less than 0.05.Results: The multiple logistic regression analysis model included variables with a significance level of less than 0.05. The results show that the variables of mother's age at delivery, the number of babies born in the current delivery, history of infertility, and iron deficiency anemia increase the chances of LBW by 0.48, 3.12, 0.38, and 0.56, respectively, and had a significant relationship with LBW infants (P<0.001).Conclusion: Paying particular attention to the treatment and improvement of the practical factors in LBW before birth in pregnant women is crucial.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Misa Naghdipour Mirsadeghi; Zahra Hamidi Madani; Aynaz Boostan; Ali Massoudifar
Volume 7, Issue 6 , September and October 2022, , Pages 543-547
Abstract
Background & Objective: Although giving birth is quite a natural process in a woman's life; it is very painful. Different people, however, experience this pain on different levels. In fact, one's perception of labor pain is determined by physiological, cultural, social, mental, and psychological ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Although giving birth is quite a natural process in a woman's life; it is very painful. Different people, however, experience this pain on different levels. In fact, one's perception of labor pain is determined by physiological, cultural, social, mental, and psychological factors. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between personality traits and one's perception of labor pain.Materials & Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytical correlational study. Two questionnaires were used for Gathering information: one on personality traits and the other on labor pain. One hundred participants were chosen according to their demographic information from a pool of pregnant women at the Persian Gulf Hospital maternity ward in Bandar Abbas City. The data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical measures such as the Pearson Factor.Results: Meaningful positive relationship between labor pain and Neuroticism (P < /i>=0.000, r=0.448), Openness (P < /i>=0.000, r=0.517) and Agreeableness (P < /i>=0.003, r=0.296). While Consciousness (P < /i>=0.047, r=-0.199) is found to have a meaningful negative relationship, extraversion shows no correlation with labor pain. Conclusion: Good Childbirth Counseling and proper training, based explicitly on a mother's personality traits, could significantly help provide an enjoyable childbirth experience and reduce the unnecessary demand for C-section operations.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Alaa Abdul Hussein Kareem Al-Daamy
Volume 8, Issue 6 , November and December 2023, , Pages 620-628
Abstract
Background & Objective: Increasing urinary tract infections (UTI) in pregnant women was a reason for which this study aimed to find out the spread of bacteria in them and also study the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and the type of resistance.Materials & Methods: During November ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Increasing urinary tract infections (UTI) in pregnant women was a reason for which this study aimed to find out the spread of bacteria in them and also study the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and the type of resistance.Materials & Methods: During November 2022, 50 urine samples were collected from pregnant women with symptoms of UTI. Direct microscopy tests were conducted on the samples. The samples were cultured on the media of MacConkey agar (MAC) and blood agar. Biochemical tests were performed and diagnosed using the VITEC-2 system. Antibiotic susceptibility screening test was done for all isolates.Results: Of the 50 bacterial isolates diagnosed and isolated from pregnant women with UTI, 84% were gram-negative and 16% were gram-positive. The most prevalent bacteria were E. coli, with a rate of 60%, followed by Proteus mirabilis, with a rate of 12%. All E. coli isolates were resistant (100%) to the AMOX antibiotic, and the isolates showed high resistance (87%) to CFR, CN, CZ, CXM, CAE, CPD, CRO NA and SXT antibiotics. 13.3% of E.coli isolates were extended detection and response (XDR), 50% and 25% of Staphylococcus hominis and aureus isolates were XRD, respectively.Conclusion: E. coli is the most common and most resistant bacteria of type XRD, and gram-positive bacteria, staph bacteria, showed resistance to type XRD. In addition, gram-negative bacteria showed high resistance to many antibiotics, including AMOX, CFR, CN, CZ, CXM, and CAE. Gram-positive bacteria showed complete resistance against BENPEN, OXA, CLIN, TEC, VAN, TET, FUS and VAN.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Alfonsus Zeus Suryawan; Amillia Siddiq
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 09 November 2023
Abstract
Background: Uncertainities exist about the diagnostic and prognostic role of hemocytometry values in patients with COVID-19 especially in pregnancy. This study aims to investigate hemostatic changes in pregnant woman with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their relationship to disease severity.Methods: ...
Read More
Background: Uncertainities exist about the diagnostic and prognostic role of hemocytometry values in patients with COVID-19 especially in pregnancy. This study aims to investigate hemostatic changes in pregnant woman with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their relationship to disease severity.Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with case control design. Subject was gathered from Hasan Sadikin General Hospital patients medical records from June 2021 – March 2022. Inclusion criteria on this study is all pregnant COVID-19 patient with Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and D-dimer examination. The exclusion of this study all pregnant COVID-19 patient without required examination. PT, aPTT, and D-dimer were measured by Stago kits on a Stago automated coagulation analyzer (STA Compact Max®). Data was then analyzed by Kruskal Wallis with IBM SPSS Statistic 26th with α=0.05.Results: Statistical analysis shows there’s corelation between different severity levels with D-Dimer. This study shows mean of D-Dimer of each severity levels; asymptomatic 4.85 mg/L, mild 2.86 mg/L, moderate 5.47 mg/L and severe 14.51 mg/L (p <0.000). Changes seen after mild group which increase to 5,47 mg/dL in moderate COVID-19 and furthermore increase in severe become 14,51 mg/L. No changes in PT and aPTT was found.Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that coagulopathy is associated with the severity of COVID-19 illness. D-dimer is important parameter for evaluating the COVID-19 severity in pregnancy. This further could serve as diagnostic category to differ the severity of COVID-19 in pregnancy.
