Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh; Zahra Panahi; Azam Tarafdari Manshadi; Saeed Soltani; Razieh Akbari; Mahdieh Parsapur
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January and February 2023, , Pages 68-75
Abstract
Background & Objective: Social factors which are integrated with health status are considered crucial in pregnancy morbidity. Mothers with a developed level of health literacy (HL) experience a lower risk of preterm delivery. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal HL ...
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Background & Objective: Social factors which are integrated with health status are considered crucial in pregnancy morbidity. Mothers with a developed level of health literacy (HL) experience a lower risk of preterm delivery. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal HL and prenatal care and pregnancy outcome.Materials & Methods: The research was a cohort study. A total of 323 participants were selected from prenatal clinics. The women were followed until delivery. Women who had gestational diabetes or preeclampsia or gestational hypertension during pregnancy were omitted. Data were collected with a survey.Results: The result found 34.1%, 33.1%, 23.8%, and 9% were categorized as having inadequate, problematic, sufficient, and excellent maternal HL. Women with sufficient and excellent literacy were meaningfully better in having earlier and more frequent antenatal care, earlier folic acid consumption, and exercise before and during pregnancy, pregnancy alarm sign awareness, neonatal birth weight, and breastfeeding.Conclusion: The results proposed that sufficient and excellent HL among women is related to good pregnancy outcomes and poor HL causes a poor chance to gain a positive pregnancy outcome. A cooperative work to grow maternal HL by considering HL levels, revision of educational materials into plain language, and provision of pregnant women with verbal and video instruction in addition to written materials are highly recommended.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fatemeh Hosseinabadi; Narjes Noori; Marzieh Ghasemi; Motahare Bitaghsir Fadafan; Erfan Ayubi
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January and February 2024, , Pages 83-87
Abstract
Background & Objective: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is one of the important issues in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Proper assessment of fallopian tube patency following medical treatment of an EP in women who wish to have future children seems reasonable. Therefore, the purpose of this ...
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Background & Objective: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is one of the important issues in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Proper assessment of fallopian tube patency following medical treatment of an EP in women who wish to have future children seems reasonable. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the patency of fallopian tubes after clinical and surgical treatment of EP.Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, our research population was 270 people who were referred to Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb hospital in Zahedan with a definite diagnosis of EP in 2020. Patients were divided into three groups: drug treatment (90 people), surgical treatment (90 people) and expectant treatment (90 people). For each patient, the patency of the left and right fallopian tubes was investigated and the obtained data were statistically analyzed by t-test and chi-square test methods using SPSS software version 22 (IBM, USA).Results: A total of 270 patients were examined. The mean age of the patients in the drug treatment, surgical therapy and expectant treatment groups were 32.34 ± 6.17, 32.02 ± 6.12 and 32.12 ± 6.40 years, (P=0.389). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the right fallopian tubes (P=1.00), and the left fallopian tubes in the investigated groups (P=0.08).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the drug treatment and the surgery treatment groups. The findings of this study revealed that the uterine tube opening was similar on both sides after drug treatment, surgical treatment and expectant treatment.
Gynecology Oncology
Fereshteh Fakour; Zahra Rafiei Sorouri; Amirhossein Hajizadeh Fallah; Atefeh Mousavi; Maral Farahmand
Volume 8, Issue 2 , March and April 2023, , Pages 173-180
Abstract
Background & Objective: In Iranian women, the age of breast cancer is 10-20 years earlier than women living in developed countries. Moreover, HPV infection has increased among Iranian women and it is more common compared to European women. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the ...
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Background & Objective: In Iranian women, the age of breast cancer is 10-20 years earlier than women living in developed countries. Moreover, HPV infection has increased among Iranian women and it is more common compared to European women. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of HPV as a potential risk factor for breast cancer at younger ages.Materials & Methods: This study is a case-control study that was performed on 46 specimens of breast cancer tissue and 46 samples of normal breast tissue with no malignancy. In coordination with the pathology laboratory of Poursina Hospital (Rasht, Iran), samples of breast cancer pathology templates that were available in the laboratory archives were selected after a preliminary examination of the accuracy of tissue diagnosis. After that, a tissue incision was prepared with H&E staining and the cancer diagnosis was again confirmed by a pathologist. Samples were cut with a microtome with disposable blades. Then the tissue sample was deparaffinized and its DNA was extracted. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 21 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA) using Chi-square, T-test, variance analysis and logistic regression.Results: The results showed a significant difference between the two groups of women with breast cancer and without malignancy in the age of first pregnancy and gravidity. There was a significant difference in human papillomavirus type 16 infection between the two groups with breast cancer and without malignancy. The logistic regression model examined the effect of all variables and showed that infection with human papillomavirus type 16 increased the risk of breast cancer by 4.6 times, taking into account other variables.Conclusion: The present study, independent of other studies, showed that human papillomavirus type 16 could be a risk factor for breast cancer. If the virus is found in an individual, it is recommended that the patient be monitored frequently and more detailed examinations for breast malignancies be performed.
Gynecology Oncology
Jorge Cea García; M. Carmen Rubio Rodríguez; Francisco Márquez Maraver; Laura Ríos-Pena; Inmaculada Rodríguez Jiménez
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 201-211
Abstract
Background & Objective: Sexual dysfunction is the symptom with the greatest negative impact on the quality of life of cervical cancer survivors. However, the evaluation of sexual function is challenging, and there is ongoing debate concerning its determinants. We aimed to identify predictive variables ...
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Background & Objective: Sexual dysfunction is the symptom with the greatest negative impact on the quality of life of cervical cancer survivors. However, the evaluation of sexual function is challenging, and there is ongoing debate concerning its determinants. We aimed to identify predictive variables for sexual function after cervical cancer treatment.Materials & Methods: One hundred and four cervical cancer survivors participated in a prospective cohort study that we carried out employing FACT–Cx v.4.0 and FSFI questionnaires.Results: We developed a beta generalized linear model with a predictive accuracy of 78% (C–index=0.78) and based on vaginal shortening (Cx4) (P=0.077), age (P=0.0002), and ovarian preservation (P=0.01) as risk factors, and functional well–being (P<0.0001) and follow–up duration (P=0.015) as protective factors.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, we may have created the first reliable and internally validated prediction model for cervical cancer survivors based on predictors like vaginal shortening, age, ovarian preservation, functional well–being, and follow–up duration that significantly affect female sexual function as targets for potential intervention.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Tipnaree Charoonwatana; Charuai Suwanbamrung; Udomsak Saengow
Volume 7, Issue 3 , January and February 2022, , Pages 213-220
Abstract
Background and Objective: Cesarean section (CS) rates have increased continuously worldwide in the past decades while not being associated with significant benefits for mothers and newborns. According to Robson's classification, the present research aimed to analyze the associating factor to cesarean ...
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Background and Objective: Cesarean section (CS) rates have increased continuously worldwide in the past decades while not being associated with significant benefits for mothers and newborns. According to Robson's classification, the present research aimed to analyze the associating factor to cesarean section to set the practice system and decrease the cesarean section rate in the near future.Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analytic study of the medical record of pregnant women who delivered in 2019 at MNST Hospital. The logistic regression model carried out the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of cesarean section rate and 95% confidence intervals.Results: A total of 5,360 medical records were recruited. Of all birth, 55.4% occurred by cesarean section, most of whom were categorized in R1 to R4 of Robson classification (23.3%), followed by R5 (21.1%) and R10 (5.4%). The subgroup R1-R4 analysis demonstrated that obesity, Bachelor’s education, and private obstetrician were significantly related to the cesarean section in the group of spontaneous labor (R1, R3) and Bachelor’s education and private obstetrician were significantly related to the cesarean section in the group without spontaneous labor (R2, R4) (adjust OR 13.50, P < /em><0.001 and adjust OR 2.11, P < /em><0.001, respectively).Conclusion: Private obstetrician and education level were factors related to the obstetric indication of unnecessary cesarean section.
Gynecology Oncology
Fatemeh Shafizadeh; Sara Babazadeh; Fatemeh Nasiri Amiri; Ahmadreza Shafizadeh
Volume 6, Issue 4 , August 2021, , Pages 233-238
Abstract
Mature cystic teratomas, also named dermoid cysts, are the most benign ovarian germ cell tumors and can occur in any age group. Transformation of the mature elements within the dermoid cyst to the malignancy termed mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) with malignant transformation occurs in only 1-2 % of cases. ...
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Mature cystic teratomas, also named dermoid cysts, are the most benign ovarian germ cell tumors and can occur in any age group. Transformation of the mature elements within the dermoid cyst to the malignancy termed mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) with malignant transformation occurs in only 1-2 % of cases. Of these, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 80% prevalence is the most common type. A 54-year-old peri-menopausal woman -gravida 5, para 4, live 4, and abortion 1- presented to our clinic with a complaint of abdominal pain for about five months. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a mass with a diameter of 125-millimeter in the left adnexa with a complex appearance containing fine-echo liquid, solid internal component, and thickened wall. Spiral CT scan of abdomen & pelvis showed 147×121-millimeter bilocular lesion consistent with an ovarian dermoid cyst. Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and a frozen section was requested during the surgery, which showed a malignant epithelial tumor consistent with squamous cell carcinoma arising in teratoma. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and partial omentectomy were done successfully. The patient was discharged from the hospital after two days without any complaints or adverse events. Regarding the rarity of MCT with malignant transformation, it is recommended to consider patient characteristics, preoperative imaging, laboratory evaluations, and the results of the frozen section during surgery since they can significantly change the treatment plan and the prognosis of the patient.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maral Hosseinzadeh; Ebtehaj Heshmatkhah; Dariush Abtahi
Volume 8, Issue 3 , May and June 2023, , Pages 285-294
Abstract
Background & Objective: Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal deaths. However, in many low and middle-income countries, information on the magnitude of and risk factors for PPH is scarce. Understanding the relative contributions of different risk factors for ...
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Background & Objective: Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a leading cause of maternal deaths. However, in many low and middle-income countries, information on the magnitude of and risk factors for PPH is scarce. Understanding the relative contributions of different risk factors for PPH is important. We assessed the incidence of and risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage among women who had a cesarean section in Iran.Materials & Methods: Between March 2021 and March 2022, a prospective cohort study was conducted at a university-affiliated general hospital for women who had a cesarean section in Iran. We used Spearman’s correlation for the variables associated with PPH.Results: Among the 300 women, the overall incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 15.7%. Risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage among deliveries by cesarean section were: body-mass index, previous PPH, preoperative anemia, and preoperative hypofibrinogenemia.Conclusion: The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the cesarean section was high. Extra vigilance in all women with cesarean section could address the risk factors identified.
Gynecology Oncology
Shahrzad Sheikhhasani; Mohades Peydayesh; Narges Zamani; Somayeh Nikfar; Mona Mohseni
Volume 7, Issue 4 , March and April 2022, , Pages 348-350
Abstract
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are a group of mesenchymal neoplasms with different biological presentations from benign to malignant types. Hence, we report the first description of PEComa presenting with an acute surgical abdomen. Her definite diagnoses were made based on the histomorphology ...
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Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are a group of mesenchymal neoplasms with different biological presentations from benign to malignant types. Hence, we report the first description of PEComa presenting with an acute surgical abdomen. Her definite diagnoses were made based on the histomorphology results at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in 2020.Considering different clinical presentations, unknown characteristics of imaging, and rarity of PEComa, preoperative diagnosis of it seems impossible. However, IHC can play an important role in its diagnosis.
Gynecology Oncology
Alsmadi Yaseen Mohammad Ibrahim; Saad Altimimi; Aisha Kamal Mahmoud; Muqdad Hussein Ali; Naseer Mehdi Mohammed; Ruqayah Taher Habash; Ahmed S Abed; Entsar Hachim Muhammad
Volume 8, Issue 4 , July and August 2023, , Pages 396-403
Abstract
Background & Objective: Today, the prevalence of cervical cancer in developing societies and its impacts on various body functions, mainly sexual performance, is of particular significance. In order to examine the relationship between sexual function and its domains with different stages of ...
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Background & Objective: Today, the prevalence of cervical cancer in developing societies and its impacts on various body functions, mainly sexual performance, is of particular significance. In order to examine the relationship between sexual function and its domains with different stages of cervical cancer, the present study was conducted.Materials & Methods: Examined in the current study were 284 cervical cancer patients with a history of trachelectomy surgery, referred to the Baghdad Women's Hospitals in 2020 and 2021 and selected randomly. The personal profile form and the female sexual function index (FSFI) were among the research instruments. The data were investigated by statistical software SPSS.23 and the Spearman correlation coefficient test. A P-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.Results: The results revealed that 26.8% of women complained of low sexual desire, 43.0% did not receive adequate sexual arousal, and 39.1% experienced deficient vaginal lubrication. Additionally, 46.8% of women did not experience a proper orgasm, 27.8% were dissatisfied with their sexual satisfaction, and 37.0% reported experiencing pain during intercourse. In addition, there was an inverse correlation between the stages of cervical cancer and sexual performance (r= -0.25, P= 0.002), as well as its domains, including sexual desire (r= -0.18, P= 0.02), sexual arousal (r= -0.23, P= 0.004), vaginal lubrication (r= -0.23, P= 0.003), orgasm (r= -0.20, P= 0.009), sexual satisfaction (r= -0.21, P= 0.005), and pain during intercourse (r= -0.26, P= 0.001).Conclusion: The sexual performance of cervical cancer patients is impaired, and the more advanced stages of the disease weaken sexual performance and its domains.
Gynecology Oncology
Tajossadat Alameh; Leila Mousavi Seresht; Noshin Afshar; Behnoosh Mohamadi Jazi
Volume 7, Issue 5 , July and August 2022, , Pages 452-457
Abstract
Background & Objective: Primary lymphoma of the cervix is rare and can be misdiagnosed most of the time. On the other hand, there is no consensus on the best treatment and follow-up strategy for this type of cervical malignancy. The present study aimed to present a misdiagnosed primary cervical lymphoma ...
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Background & Objective: Primary lymphoma of the cervix is rare and can be misdiagnosed most of the time. On the other hand, there is no consensus on the best treatment and follow-up strategy for this type of cervical malignancy. The present study aimed to present a misdiagnosed primary cervical lymphoma due to its confusing presentation and rarity.Case Report: A 41-year-old woman presented with abnormal vaginal discharge and dyspareunia complaints. Unfortunately, the patient was not examined, and cervicitis was reported on biopsy. Therefore, the patient was treated for vaginitis for a long time. Due to a lack of response to antibiotic therapy, an ultrasound was performed, which showed a huge mass in the cervix. Patient was referred to the oncology department of obstetrics and gynecology center, Beheshti Hospital, Isphahan, Iran, in July 2013. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas was diagnosed on a CT-guided biopsy of the presacral mass. Fortunately, despite the delay in diagnosis, 5 years after the last R-CHOP chemotherapic session (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone), the patient has good quality of life with no sign of recurrences.Conclusion: Due to the rarity of uterine cervix lymphoma, the diagnosis of genital lymphoma could be missed if the clinician does not consider this malignancy. High suspicion, rapid diagnosis and proper communication between clinician and pathologist lead to an excellent prognosis.
Anesthesia
Aseel Alfil; Lubna AL Anbari
Volume 8, Issue 5 , September and October 2023, , Pages 509-513
Abstract
Background & Objective: Granulosa cells, the endometrium, and the placenta all play a role in the secretion of G-CSF in the reproductive tract. G-CSF affects immunological regulation, which is crucial for enhancing pregnancy viability and maintenance. To evaluate the effects of granulocyte-colony ...
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Background & Objective: Granulosa cells, the endometrium, and the placenta all play a role in the secretion of G-CSF in the reproductive tract. G-CSF affects immunological regulation, which is crucial for enhancing pregnancy viability and maintenance. To evaluate the effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor subcutaneous injection on the miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and livebirth rate after single and multiple doses of G-CSF factor.Materials & Methods: At the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies at Al-Nahrain University, a prospective comparison study with a random sample selection was conducted from December 2021 to December 2022. It included 121 infertile women who had previously unsuccessful intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedures and who had finished ICSI protocols and reached the embryo transfer day. Patients were divided into three groups on the day of the embryo transfer: The non-G-CSF group (49 patients) received no additional treatment; the single-G-CSF group (31 patients) received a single subcutaneous injection of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor one hour after embryo transfer; and the multiple-G-CSF group (41 patients) received weekly injections of G-CSF until a fetal heartbeat could be detected, starting one hour after the embryo transfer.Results: The multiple G-CSF group had better results in the miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and livebirth rate (23.5%, 34.1%, and 31.7%, respectively) when compared to the single G-CSF group (42.9%, 16.1, and 12.9%, respectively) and the non-G-CSF group (37.5%, 12.2%, and 10.2%, respectively).Conclusion: Multiple subcutaneous G-CSF doses can improve the miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and live birth rate. A single dose of G-CSF for infertile women has no appreciable benefits.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Roshan Nikbakht; Raziye Mohammad Jafari; Mojgan Barati; Masume Jafari Nezhad; Maziar Shamsaei
Volume 7, Issue 6 , September and October 2022, , Pages 548-553
Abstract
Background & Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the association between the maternal serum concentration of PAPP-A and free B-HCG at 11-13(+6) weeks and the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) at 30-34 weeks with the prediction of preeclampsia.Materials & Methods: This ...
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Background & Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the association between the maternal serum concentration of PAPP-A and free B-HCG at 11-13(+6) weeks and the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) at 30-34 weeks with the prediction of preeclampsia.Materials & Methods: This cohort study was performed on 882 women with singleton pregnancies from March 2018 to November 2020 at the university hospital (referred center) in Ahvaz/Khuzestan. Maternal serum PAPP-A and free B-HCG at 11-13(+6) weeks and uterine artery PI at 30-34 weeks were measured and compared between women with and without PE. MOM PAPP-A<0.4, MOM-free B-HCG>3, and uterine artery pulsatility index >1 (>95%) were considered abnormal. Then The effect of each of the indicators on preeclampsia was determined by overlaying the layers and performing logical calculations in ARC GIS software. The distribution of PE in different cities of Khuzestan province was investigated.Results: The mean MOM PAPP-A was significantly lower (1.05 vs. 1.21 P < /i>=0.03), and uterine artery PI was significantly upper (0.93 vs. 0.88 P < /i><0.01) in preeclamptic women compared to women without PE. No significant differences were observed in the mean MOM-free B-HCG between women with and without PE (1.33 vs. 1.2 P < /i>=0.667). The highest percentage of PE was in two regions of Ahvaz (80%), but concerning women referred from different cities was in Andimeshk (75%). Conclusion: A low level of maternal serum PAPP-A and increased uterine artery PI promoted the chance of developing PE. The highest prevalence of PE was in two regions of the center of Khuzestan province, and the most preferred due to PE in different cities was in Andimeshk.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Somayeh Khanjani; Shamin Ghobadi; Farahnaz Mardanian; Leila Mousavi Seresht
Volume 8, Issue 6 , November and December 2023, , Pages 629-632
Abstract
Cesarean scars in pregnancy have become a worrisome obstetric problem. Furthermore, given the challenge of diagnosis in cases of low suspicion in the initial prenatal sonographic screening, there is still debate over the standard of management. According to rare reported cases, the most acceptable recommendation ...
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Cesarean scars in pregnancy have become a worrisome obstetric problem. Furthermore, given the challenge of diagnosis in cases of low suspicion in the initial prenatal sonographic screening, there is still debate over the standard of management. According to rare reported cases, the most acceptable recommendation is still termination of pregnancy to decrease the chance of further maternal dreadful complications. A case of twin pregnancy had been terminated at gestational age of 34 weeks with a history of diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy. Since pregnancy at the site of a previous cesarean section is very rare, but due to the complications of this type of pregnancy, choosing a suitable clinical approach for these patients is desirable. This type of pregnancy can increase the value of antenatal care if it can be continued until the fetus is viable and its complications, including placenta accreta and bleeding, are managed.
Gynecology Oncology
farahnaz farzaneh; Shahla Mirgaloybayat; Abbas Ali Niazi; Marziyeh Ajdary; Javid Dehghan Haghighi; Neda Eslahi; Mohammad Raisi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 November 2023
Abstract
Background & Objective: Endometrial hyperplasia is the primary precursor of endometrial cancer in the female reproductive system, with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) being the predominant manifestation of this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia ...
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Background & Objective: Endometrial hyperplasia is the primary precursor of endometrial cancer in the female reproductive system, with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) being the predominant manifestation of this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia and its correlation with various factors among patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study reviewed the hospital records of all patients with abnormal uterine bleeding admitted to Ali Ebn-e Abi Taleb Hospital in Zahedan from April 2015 to April 2018. Data were analyzed using the SPSS. Results: The prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia was estimated to be 20.3%. The average age of the study subjects was about 45 years. The highest number of patients (37, 52.9%) belonged to the age group of 36-50 years. Among the different types of endometrial hyperplasia observed, the most common was "simple non-atypical hyperplasia" found in 45 patients (64.3%), while the least common was "simple atypical hyperplasia" observed in three patients (4.3%). Overall, "non-atypical hyperplasia" (including both simple and complex types) was present in 58 patients (82.85%). The prevalence of infertility, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, premature menarche, late menopause, family history, oligomenorrhea, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was reported in 7.1%, 32.9%, 24.3%, 22.9%, 8.5%, 13.6%, 7.1%, 5.7%, and 3.4% of cases, respectively.Conclusion: women with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are at an increased risk of developing endometrial hyperplasia. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate these patients for the presence of endometrial hyperplasia.
Pathology
Tajossadat Allameh; Behnoosh Mohamadi
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January and February 2023, , Pages 76-80
Abstract
Signet ring stromal tumor is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm, of which only about 17 cases have been reported since 1996. The signet ring appearance of this tumor may mimic a Krukenberg tumor and result in a diagnostic challenge in some cases. The previous cases occurred in adult or in old patients. We ...
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Signet ring stromal tumor is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm, of which only about 17 cases have been reported since 1996. The signet ring appearance of this tumor may mimic a Krukenberg tumor and result in a diagnostic challenge in some cases. The previous cases occurred in adult or in old patients. We have reporteda Signet ring stromal tumor in a 13-year-old girl.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sara A. Al-Rawaf; Enas T Mousa
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January and February 2024, , Pages 88-94
Abstract
Background & Objective: Inducing labor is a common practice in obstetrics to prevent maternal and fetal complications. There are several methods of labor induction, including pharmacological and mechanical approaches. The objective of this study was to determine the most effective approach for ...
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Background & Objective: Inducing labor is a common practice in obstetrics to prevent maternal and fetal complications. There are several methods of labor induction, including pharmacological and mechanical approaches. The objective of this study was to determine the most effective approach for labor induction.Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study at Al-Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital compared labor induction in pregnant females at their third trimester using Misoprostol & Foley Catheter (group A) and Misoprostol alone (group B). The study collected data on maternal age, gestational age, BMI, time frames, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcomes such as Apgar scores and ICU admissions.Results: In a cross-sectional study comparing labor induction with Misoprostol & Foley Catheter (group A) vs. Misoprostol alone (group B), most females in both groups had no cesarean section inductions, normal vaginal deliveries, and no complications. The study found significant differences in BMI, time frame, and time for ripening between the two groups, with group A having lower values for these variables.Conclusion: Foley's with vaginal misoprostol results in a shortened time between induction and delivery than misoprostol alone.
Pathology
Divya Shetty; Ritika Khurana; Surekha Bhalekar
Volume 8, Issue 2 , March and April 2023, , Pages 181-183
Abstract
Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm. They are typically well-circumscribed lesions, more commonly occurring in the vulvo-vaginal region of reproductive-age females. It is curable by complete excision. They do not have a characteristic clinical and radiological feature. It is ...
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Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm. They are typically well-circumscribed lesions, more commonly occurring in the vulvo-vaginal region of reproductive-age females. It is curable by complete excision. They do not have a characteristic clinical and radiological feature. It is an exclusive histopathological diagnosis. However, many mesenchymal neoplasms are predominantly perineal in location, with similar clinical and morphological features and may be confused with angiomyofibroblastoma. We present a 40-year-old married female with a 5.5 × 3.5 × 2 cm left vulval mass, clinically considered to be a Bartholin’s cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suggestive of infected cystic lesion. Histologically, it was an AMF. Histomorphological features are compared with other similar entities occurring in the vulva.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Shaimaa Abdulamer Nasir
Volume 9, Issue 2 , March and April 2024, , Pages 212-217
Abstract
Background & Objective: The aim of the current study was comparison of the effectiveness of intravenous iron sucrose versus oral ferrous fumarate for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy.
Materials & Methods: This is a prospective randomized clinical trial enrolling 100 pregnant ...
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Background & Objective: The aim of the current study was comparison of the effectiveness of intravenous iron sucrose versus oral ferrous fumarate for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy.
Materials & Methods: This is a prospective randomized clinical trial enrolling 100 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia who visited the Al-diwaniya Educational Hospital for maternity and children from October 2022 to July 2023 whose ferritin level was less than 15 ng/ml and Hb level was between 70-10.9g/L. They were treated with either intravenous iron sucrose or oral ferrous fumarate for four weeks. Formerly, patients were allocated into two groups. The patients in the group I received ferrous fumarate pills, each enclosed with elemental Iron 100 mg. Group II got 100 ml of 0.9% NaCl containing a dose of iron sucrose dissolved in it and calculated by a specific equation. After four weeks, serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels were assessed, and the adverse effects were also monitored.
Results: Comparing hemoglobin levels produces a substantial pre- and post-treatment difference (P=0.001). Serum Ferritin Level harvest significant differences pre- and post-treatment (P=0.001). The post-treatment comparison of the two groups showed a significant difference in each group (P= 0.001).
Conclusion: Maternal iron reserves are more effectively increased by intravenous ferrous sucrose than by oral ferrous fumarate.
Gynecology Oncology
Sharon Baisil; Rashmi Kundapur; Sachin Chandramoha; Maria Nelliyanil; Prince Abhraham; Vijith Shetty; Rajesh Ballal
Volume 7, Issue 3 , January and February 2022, , Pages 221-225
Abstract
Background and Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females globally and its toll is rapidly rising in India. Accurate knowledge about prognostic factors could assist oncologists in making correct treatment decisions and acquiring a better understanding of the survival of patients. ...
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Background and Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females globally and its toll is rapidly rising in India. Accurate knowledge about prognostic factors could assist oncologists in making correct treatment decisions and acquiring a better understanding of the survival of patients. In patients with hormone receptor-positive, early diagnosis along with socioeconomic factors like education, income, etc., are said to play a vital role. Hence, the present study aimed to analyze the survival pattern depending on hormone receptor status, stages of breast cancer, and socioeconomic status.Methods: An Ambi directional cohort study was conducted among 300 patients with breast cancer registered and treated in a tertiary care hospital in Dakshina Kannada, India, in the last 3 years. A validated proforma was used to collect data. The post-treatment survival was analyzed depending on their income, family history, staging (clinical & histopathological), and hormone receptor status (HER-2/ER).Results: The pattern of receptor among these patients showed 45% ER, 43% PR, and 14.3% HER2 positivity. Among the patients, 83% had undergone hormonal therapy as per the receptor status. The overall survival rate of breast cancer patients was found to be 81%. The clinical stage of disease had a statistically significant association with survival using the log-rank test. However, monthly income and hormonal status showed no significance.Conclusion: A 3-year survival rate was 100% for stage Ⅰ patients, 96.6% for stage Ⅱ, 82.1% for stage Ⅲ, and 40% for stage Ⅳ. Hormone receptor positivity is highly predictive for better prognosis in breast cancer patients.
Gynecology Oncology
Sedigheh Ghasemian Dizajmehr; Mahsa Mohammadi Irvanlou; Afshin Mohammadi; Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
Volume 8, Issue 3 , May and June 2023, , Pages 295-300
Abstract
Background & Objective: Ovarian mature cystic teratomas (OMCTS) are one of the most common benign ovarian tumors. Most MCTs can be diagnosed by ultrasonography (us). Due to heterogeneous composition and a variety of appearance, in some non-diagnostic imaging reports it is suggested that we evaluate ...
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Background & Objective: Ovarian mature cystic teratomas (OMCTS) are one of the most common benign ovarian tumors. Most MCTs can be diagnosed by ultrasonography (us). Due to heterogeneous composition and a variety of appearance, in some non-diagnostic imaging reports it is suggested that we evaluate some tumor markers (CA125 and CA19-9) to complement imaging modalities. According to previous investigation, a single elevated CA 19-9 is in association with specific radio-pathologic features, such as size, torsion, bronchial glands, fat and teeth components. Here we are presenting three different cases of OMCT with different characteristics.Case Presentation: Case 1: asymptomatic, non-diagnostic US, single- elevated CA19-9, smaller than in 10 cm with bronchial glands and fat component. Case 2: symptomatic, non-diagnostic U.S. normal CA19-9, larger than 10 cm with torsion and necrosis. Case 3: symptomatic, diagnostic US, single- elevated CA19-9, smaller than 10 cm, full of hair and sebaceous material. Computer tomography (CT), in all of our cases was diagnostic based on OMCT. Apologia of pathologic pathway of elevated CA19-9 in both cases 1 and 3 were in agreement with the result of previous investigations. In case 2, despite its large size and torsion, CA 19-9 level was low.Conclusion: Single- elevated CA 19-9 level in OMCTs could impact benign characteristics of this kind of tumor.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Tahereh Behrouzi lak; Somayeh Ghasemzadeh
Volume 7, Issue 4 , March and April 2022, , Pages 351-353
Abstract
The most common form of structural uterine anomaly is the septate uterus, which has the highest rate of reproductive failure. An uncommon type of development is a septate uterus with cervical duplication and a complete longitudinal vaginal septum. We report a 26-year-old woman with infertility complaints. ...
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The most common form of structural uterine anomaly is the septate uterus, which has the highest rate of reproductive failure. An uncommon type of development is a septate uterus with cervical duplication and a complete longitudinal vaginal septum. We report a 26-year-old woman with infertility complaints. We performed diagnostic procedures and noticed that the patient had a septate uterus and cervical duplication with a longitudinal vaginal septum. It is an uncommon Mullerian anomaly that does not fit into the current assortment system of Mullerian anomalies by the American Fertility Society (AFS).
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Bushra Abbas Abdullah; Hala Saadi Abdulwahid
Volume 8, Issue 4 , July and August 2023, , Pages 404-410
Abstract
Background & Objective: Antenatal care service satisfaction is a measure of the degree to which a woman seeking care is happy with the antenatal care service provided to her. As well as, the pregnant women satisfaction is a first indicator about the quality of antenatal care. This study aimed ...
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Background & Objective: Antenatal care service satisfaction is a measure of the degree to which a woman seeking care is happy with the antenatal care service provided to her. As well as, the pregnant women satisfaction is a first indicator about the quality of antenatal care. This study aimed to identify if the reproductive factors can predict the level of satisfaction towards ANC.Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Diwaniyah in primary health care centers for the period from October 1st, 2022 to March 1st, 2023. The study sample consisted of 150 pregnant women who were selected according to a non-probability sampling approach. The questionnaire was validated according to experts and its reliability was verified through a pilot study. The total number of items included in the questionnaire was 38 items. Data were collected using interviews and analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.Results: The results of the study indicate that the average age of pregnant women is 27.8 years, (30%) of primary school graduates, and (62%) of housewives, (34.7%) of them expressed more than 900,000 Iraqi dinars as a monthly income, and (60.7%) of them live in the regions Urban area. The results showed that the level of satisfaction was relatively moderate (48%). The reproductive related factors of pregnant women such as number of abortions, number of visits to ANC and gestational age are predicted variables of satisfaction.Conclusion: The most of influencing related factors are number of abortions, number of visits of ANC and gestational age are considered predicted the level of satisfaction. Decision makers in the Health Directorate should be employed based on quality guidelines in order to improve antenatal care services compared to international standards and take into consideration reproductive characteristics in providing those services.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fariba Yarandi; Sara Ramhormozian; Behzad Asanjarani; Elham Shirali
Volume 7, Issue 5 , July and August 2022, , Pages 458-462
Abstract
GTN (Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm) complications such as uterine rupture or massive bleeding can be life-threatening and usually need a hysterectomy. In young patients who want to preserve fertility, hysterectomy is not suitable. Under specific circumstances, some physicians choose conservative ...
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GTN (Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm) complications such as uterine rupture or massive bleeding can be life-threatening and usually need a hysterectomy. In young patients who want to preserve fertility, hysterectomy is not suitable. Under specific circumstances, some physicians choose conservative management. Uterine preservation after complicated GTN is rare by itself. In conclusion, conservative management of GTN patients who develop high-risk complications and desire for future pregnancies must be considered an option. In published case reports, outcomes of conservative surgical management have been very good if managed properly.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Minthami Sharon
Volume 8, Issue 5 , September and October 2023, , Pages 514-519
Abstract
Background & Objective: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction resulting in hypoxemia, hypercapnia and sleep fragmentation. It is intriguing to consider the consequences of these events on pregnancy outcomes. This study was conducted ...
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Background & Objective: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction resulting in hypoxemia, hypercapnia and sleep fragmentation. It is intriguing to consider the consequences of these events on pregnancy outcomes. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea among pregnant women and its association with pregnancy outcomes.Materials & Methods: It has been found that subjects belonging to the age group 21-25 years had increased sleep disturbances and reduced quality of sleep. Also, pregnant women in the first trimester were found to have poor quality sleep.Results: Pregnancy outcomes associated with OSA were found as high chance of caesarean section, gestational diabetes mellitus, Gestational hypertension, low birth weight and APGAR<7.Conclusion: Hence, early detection and its prevention can improve the pregnancy outcomes.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Seyed Mohammad Ayyoubzadeh; Mahnaz Ahmadi; Fariba Khounraz; Marjan Ahmadi; Rashed Pourhamidi; Sakineh Abbasi
Volume 7, Issue 6 , September and October 2022, , Pages 554-562
Abstract
Background & Objective: There are a lot of apps for pregnancy care using mHealth technologies. However, it has not been studied which criteria in these apps are essential for increasing the quality of these mHealth programs in pregnant women. Thus this study aimed to review the desirable features ...
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Background & Objective: There are a lot of apps for pregnancy care using mHealth technologies. However, it has not been studied which criteria in these apps are essential for increasing the quality of these mHealth programs in pregnant women. Thus this study aimed to review the desirable features of mobile-based pregnancy care applications and provide a model to evaluate existing applications.Materials & Methods: Features of a mobile-based pregnancy app were designed using a qualitative approach. In this research, an open questionnaire was developed. Obstetricians and gynecologists filled out this questionnaire. After thematic analysis of the questionnaires, the obtained items are embedded into a general framework for evaluation mHealth.Results: Fifteen gynecology and obstetrics experts participated in this study. Eight themes were obtained from 34 items mentioned by the experts. Finally, a specialized framework for evaluating mHealth apps for pregnancy care is proposed. Conclusion: To design mobile-based pregnancy care app and evaluate the existing apps in the field of pregnancy, the provided indicators can be used. This framework and other similar specialized frameworks could be developed to improve the quality of the mHealth apps.
